Question: Quality control is a problem with items that are mass-produced. The production process must be monitored to ensure that the rate of defective items is

Quality control is a problem with items that are mass-produced. The production process must be monitored to ensure that the rate of defective items is kept at an acceptably low level. One method of dealing with this problem is lot acceptance sampling, in which a random sample of items produced is selected and each item in the sample is carefully tested. The entire lot of items is then accepted or rejected, based on the number of defectives observed in the sample. Suppose a manufacturer of pocket calculators randomly chooses 200 stamped circuits from a day’s production and determines Y, the number of defective circuits in the sample. If a sample defective rate of 6% or less is considered acceptable and, unknown to the manufacturer, 8% of the entire day’s production of circuits is defective, find the approximate probability that the lot of stamped circuits will be rejected.

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