Refer to Exercise 6.113. Let S² be the variance of the TMS readings for the 32 sampled forest sites. Assuming the sample is from a normal population, estimate the probability that S² exceeds 1,311.

Data from Exercise 6.113

The determination of the percent canopy closure of a forest is essential for wildlife habitat assessment, watershed runoff estimation, erosion control, and other forest management activities. One way in which geoscientists estimate percent forest canopy closure is through the use of a satellite sensor called the Landsat Thematic Mapper. A study of the percent canopy closure in the San Juan National Forest (Colorado) was conducted by examining Thematic Mapper Simulator (TMS) data collected by aircraft at various forest sites (IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Jan. 1986). The mean and standard deviation of the readings obtained from TMS Channel 5 were found to be 121.74 and 27.52, respectively.