Question: 46. If A is an n n matrix, n 2, then A is an M-matrix if and only if any of the following

46. If A is an n × n matrix, n ≥ 2, then A is an M-matrix if and only if any of the following hold.

(1) (A + D)-1 > 0 for each diagonal nonsingular matrix D.

(2) (A + δI)-1 > 0 for each scalar δ ≥ 0.

(3) Each principal matrix of order 1, 2, and n has a positive inverse.

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