Class Project: Random Digits. This exercise can be done individually, or, better yet, as a class project.

a. Use a table of random numbers or a random-number generator to obtain 100 random integers between 0 and 19.

b. Without graphing the distribution of the 100 numbers you obtained, guess its specific shape. Explain your reasoning.

c. Construct a relative-frequency histogram based on single-value grouping for the 100 numbers that you obtained in part (a). Is its shape about what you expected?

d. If your answer to part

(c) was “no,” provide an explanation.

e. What changes are required to get the expected shape of the histogram?

f. If you are doing this exercise as a class project, repeat parts (a)–(c)

for 1000 random integers.

Simulation. For purposes of both understanding and research, simulating variables is often useful. Simulating a variable involves the use of a computer or statistical calculator to generate observations of the variable. In Exercises 2.160 and 2.161, the use of simulation will enhance your understanding of distribution shapes and the relation between population and sample distributions.