Permeation Sampling. Permeation sampling is a method of sampling air in buildings for pollutants. It can be used over a long period of time and is not affected by humidity, air currents, or temperature. In the paper “Calibration of Permeation Passive Samplers With Silicone Membranes Based on Physicochemical Properties of the Analytes” (Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 75, No. 13, pp. 3182–3192), B. Zabiegata et al. obtained calibration constants experimentally for samples of compounds in each of four compound groups. The following data summarize their results.

Aliphatic Aromatic Esters Alcohols hydrocarbons hydrocarbons 0.185 0.185 0.230 0.166 0.155 0.160 0.184 0.144 0.131 0.142 0.160 0.117 0.103 0.122 0.132 0.072 0.064 0.117 0.100 0.115 0.064 0.110 0.095 0.085 0.075 At the 5% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that a difference exists in mean calibration constant among the four compound groups? (Note: T1 = 0.638, T2 = 1.206, T3 = 0.870, T4 = 0.499, and x2 i = 0.456919.)