1. Out-of-class activity Are estimates influenced by anchoring numbers? Refer to the related Chapter 3 Cooperative Group Activity. In Chapter 3 we noted that, according to author John Rubin, when people must estimate a value, their estimate is often “anchored” to (or influenced by) a preceding number. In that Chapter 3 activity, some subjects were asked to quickly estimate the value of 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1, and others were asked to quickly estimate the value of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8. In Chapter 3, we could compare the two sets of results by using statistics (such as the mean) and graphs (such as boxplots). The methods of Chapter 9 now allow us to compare the results with a formal hypothesis test. Specifically, collect your own sample data and test the claim that when we begin with larger numbers

(as in 8 7 6), our estimates tend to be larger.