Elevated levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) denote poor kidney function. Ten elderly cats showing early signs of renal failure are randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 (control group) is placed on a standard high-protein diet. Group 2 (intervention group) is placed on a low-phosphorus high-protein diet. Their BUN is measured both initially and 3 months later. The data are shown in Table 5.22. Use α ¼ 0:05 in all parts of this problem.

(a) Was there a significant increase in mean BUN for Group 1?

(b) Was there a significant increase in mean BUN for Group 2?

(c) Did the two groups differ in their mean change in BUN? If so, which appeared to have the least increase?  

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Table 5.22 Data for Exercise 18. Group 1 (control) Group 2 (intervention) Cat Initial BUN Final BUN Cat Initial BUN Final BUN 12345 52 58 41 41 49 58 62 75 39 44 10 68829 48 55 61 5 40 53 64 50 42 54 52