(a) In a taste test, compare the proportion of tasters who prefer one brand of cola to the proportion who prefer the other brand.

(b) Compare the proportion of males who voted in the last election to the proportion of females who voted in the last election.
(c) Compare the graduation rate (proportion to graduate) of students on an athletic scholarship to the graduation rate of students who are not on an athletic scholarship.
(d) Compare the proportion of voters who vote in favor of a school budget to the proportion who vote against the budget.

Situations comparing two proportions are described. In each case, determine whether the situation involves comparing proportions for two groups or comparing two proportions from the same group. State whether the methods of this section apply to the difference in proportions.