The diameter of a pipe varies between 200 and 100 mm from section A to section B,

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The diameter of a pipe varies between 200 and 100 mm from section A to section B, respectively. The pressure at section A is 8.15 m, and there is a negative pressure equal to 2.5 m at section B. The velocity in section A is 1.8 m/s. If section B is 7 m higher than section A, calculate

(a) the flow rate,

(b) the velocity at section B,

(c) the flow direction, and

(d) the head loss in the system.

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