Ethyl acetate is synthesized in a nonreacting solvent (not water) according to the following reaction:

For the following mixtures (a–d), will the concentration of H₂O increase, decrease, or remain the same as equilibrium is established?

a. [CH₃CO₂C₂H₅] = 0.22 M, [H₂O] = 0.10 M, [CH₃CO₂H] = 0.010 M, [C₂H₅OH] = 0.010 M

b. [CH₃CO₂C₂H₅] = 0.22 M, [H₂O] = 0.0020 M, [CH₃CO₂H] = 0.0020 M, [C₂H₅OH] = 0.10 M

c. [CH₃CO₂C₂H₅] = 0.88 M, [H₂O] = 0.12 M, [CH₃CO₂H] = 0.044 M, [C₂H₅OH] = 6.0 M  

d. [CH₃CO₂C₂H₅] = 4.4 M, [H₂O] = 4.4 M, [CH₃CO₂H] = 0.88 M, [C₂H₅OH] = 10.0 M

e. What must the concentration of water be for a mixture with [CH₃CO₂C₂H₅] = 2.0 M, [CH₃CO₂H] = 0.10 M, and [C₂H₅OH] = 5.0 M to be at equilibrium?

f. Why is water included in the equilibrium expression for this reaction?

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CH3CO₂H + C₂H5OH CH3CO₂C₂H5 + H₂O *CH,CO,C,H, Acetic acid Ethanol Ethyl acetate K = 2.2