A portion of a fire protection system can be modeled as a smooth tube with a diameter of 0.12 m, a length of 600 m, and a total drop in elevation of 12 m. End effects can be neglected. How much polyethylene oxide would have to be added to water at 25°C to increase the flow rate by a factor of 1.25? (See Fig. 5.12.)

Fig. 5.12

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0.01 0.008 0.006 F 0.004 0.003 0.002 0.001 2 x 10³ 3 4 Laminar flow Water in turbulent flow 6 8 104 Re 2 1 ppm 5 ppm 10 ppm 3 4 50 ppm 6 8 105 FIGURE 5.12 Friction factors for turbulent flow of dilute solutions of polyethylene oxide (MW 10%). [After R. W. Patterson and F. H. Abernathy."]