A social psychologist is interested in how people perceive age-discrepant couples. She gets a random sample of shoppers at a mall, has them read a wedding announcement, and then asks them to predict—on an intervallevel scale—the newlyweds’ degree of marital happiness after 10 years of marriage. Participants are randomly assigned to groups: one-third read an announcement in which the bride is 25 and the groom 35, one-third read an announcement in which the bride is 35 and the groom 25, and the final third read an announcement in which both bride and groom are 30.

Select the appropriate statistical test from

(a) Single-sample z test;

(b) Single-sample t test;

(c) Independent-samples t test;

(d) Paired-samples t test;

(e) Between-subjects, one-way ANOVA; or

(f) none of the above.