The journal article reporting the experiment described in Case Study 21.1 (see Thys­Jacobs et al., 1998, in Chapter 21) compared the pla­cebo and calcium-treated groups for a number of PMS symptoms, both before the treatment began (baseline) and in the third cycle. A p-value was given for each comparison. For each of the following comparisons, state the null and alternative hypotheses and the appropriate conclusion:
a. Baseline, mood swings, p-value 5 0.484
b. Third cycle, mood swings, p-value 5 0.002
c. Third cycle, insomnia, p-value 5 0.213