Use truth tables to determine whether the following symbolized statements are tautologous, self-contradictory, or contingent. 1. N
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Use truth tables to determine whether the following symbolized statements are tautologous, self-contradictory, or contingent.
1. N ⊃ (N ⊃ N)
2. (G ⊃ G) ⊃ G
3. (S ⊃ R) ∙ (S ∙ ∼ R)
4. [(E ⊃ F) ⊃ F] ⊃ E
5. (∼K ⊃ H) ≡ ∼(H ∨ K)
6. (M ⊃ P) ∨ ∼ (P ⊃ M)
7. [(Z ⊃ X) ∙ (X ∨ Z)] ⊃ X
8. [(C ⊃ D) ∙∼ C] ⊃ ∼ D
9. [X ⊃ (R ⊃ F)] ≡ [(X ⊃ R) ⊃ F ]
10. [G ⊃ (N ⊃ ∼G)] ∙ [(N ≡ G) ∙ (N ∨ G)]
11. [(Q ⊃ P) ∙ (∼Q ⊃ R)] ∙ ∼ (P ∨ R)
12. [(H ⊃ N) ∙ (T ⊃ N)] ⊃ [(H ∨ T) ⊃ N]
13. [U ∙ (T ∨ S)] ≡ [(T ∨ ∼ U) ∙ (S ∨ U)]
14. {[(G ∙ N) ⊃ H] ∙ [(G ⊃ H) ⊃ P]} ⊃ (N ⊃ P )
15. [(F ∨ E) ∙ (G ∨ H)] ≡ [(G ∙ E) ∨ (F ∙ H)]
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Related Book For
A Concise Introduction to Logic
ISBN: 978-1305958098
13th edition
Authors: Patrick J. Hurley, Lori Watson
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