Using the accompanying table as a guide, describe an example of a specific job in a specific organization for each of the three performance measurement approaches. Explain the reasoning behind why you believe that the behavior, results, or traits approach is best suited to each of the three contexts.
Table
Behavior approach to measuring performance is most appropriate when
• The link between behaviors and results is not obvious.
• Outcomes occur in the distant future.
• Poor results are due to causes beyond the performer’s control.
Results approach to measuring performance is most appropriate when
• Workers are skilled in the needed behaviors.
• Behaviors and results are obviously related.
• Results show consistent improvement over time.
• There are many ways to do the job right.
Trait approach to measuring performance is most appropriate when
• Job requires high levels of cognitive abilities and specific types of personalities.
• Primary key competency is judgment.
• Independence, autonomy, or working in isolation.
• Behavior and outcomes are difficult to observe and measure.