When a metal is heated its density decreases. There are two sources that give rise to this

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When a metal is heated its density decreases. There are two sources that give rise to this diminishment of ρ: (1) the thermal expansion of the solid, and (2) the formation of vacancies (Section 4.2). Consider a specimen of copper at room temperature (20°C) that has a density of 8.940 g/cm3.
(a) Determine its density upon heating to 1000°C when only thermal expansion is considered.
(b) Repeat the calculation when the introduction of vacancies is taken into account. Assume that the energy of vacancy formation is 0.90 eV/atom, and that the volume coefficient of thermal expansion, αv is equal to 3αl.
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Materials Science and Engineering An Introduction

ISBN: 978-0470419977

8th edition

Authors: William D. Callister Jr., David G. Rethwisch

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