1. Discuss the difference between an emf and a potential difference.

2. In our study of electrostatics, we concluded that there is no electric field within a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium. How is it that we can now discuss electric fields inside a conductor?

3. Figure illustrates a mechanical analog of a simple electric circuit. Devise another mechanical analog inwhich the current is represented by a flow of water instead ofmarbles.

(a) (b)