A railroad tie (or sleeper) is subjected to two rail loads, each of magnitude P = 175kN, acting as shown in the figure. The reaction of the ballast is assumed to be uniformly distributed over the length of the tie, which has cross-sectional dimensions b = 300 mm and h = 250mm. Calculate the maximum bending stress σ max in the tie due to the loads , assuming the distance L = 1500 mm and the overhang length α = 500 mm.

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