Determine whether each of the following changes represents a shift in the choice architecture of a decision.
a. After presenting the dessert menu to patrons, the waiter at a restaurant mentions that there’s an additional option for dessert not on the menu.
b. A restaurant presents dessert menus to patrons before they have eaten.
c. A waiter shows patrons a menu without prices.
d. A waiter asks patrons whether they would like to order more fries after telling the couple that the plate of fries is very small.