Abnormal Psychology: Disorder Classification, Diagnostic Criteria, and Behavior Analysis
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Cards in this deck(99)
What is the study of the cause of disease called?
What is the study of mental disorders known as?
Which branch of medicine deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases?
What term describes the co-occurrence of two or more disorders in a single individual?
What term refers to multiple atypical or abnormal behaviors causing clinical significance?
What is a rare trait that doesn't occur frequently, often used to describe abnormal behavior?
What term describes someone who acts against social norms, such as turning around in an elevator?
What term refers to personal perception of significant distress compared to normal distress?
What is the term for physical awareness of distress, such as nausea or fatigue?
What term describes behaviors or feelings that are in harmony with one's ideal self-image?
What term describes behaviors or feelings that conflict with one's self-image?
What term refers to harm to self or others?
What term describes the failure to function adequately or perform expected behaviors in society?
What term refers to the consistency of measurement?
What is the term for the extent to which two raters agree?
What term describes giving a test twice over a period of time to determine reliability?
What is the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to?
What term refers to whether the symptoms actually capture the disorder?
What term describes whether the diagnosis is correct and leads to treatment?
What term predicts how well individuals will respond to treatment?
What classification system involves a combination of characteristics that regularly occur together?
What classification system rates individuals on dimensions or traits along a spectrum?
What classification system uses discrete non-overlapping categories with specific criteria?
What is the process of determining which diagnosis most clearly describes the patient's symptoms?
What term describes one event or experience leading to multiple outcomes?
What term describes multiple events or experiences leading to the same outcome?
What term refers to factors that occur before the onset of a disorder and increase the likelihood of a negative outcome?
What term describes conditions that shield individuals from the negative consequences of exposure to risk?
What term refers to risk factors that have occurred a long time ago?
What term refers to risk factors that have occurred in the recent past?
What term describes the likelihood that both twins exhibit the same trait?
What term refers to the ability to adapt successfully to very difficult circumstances?
What term describes conditions or behaviors that tend to maintain a disorder that is already occurring?
What model suggests that atypical behavior results from the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors?
What model suggests a predisposition for a mental disorder that remains unexpressed until triggered by stress?
What disorder is characterized by lengthy periods of depressed mood, loss of pleasure, and possible thoughts of suicide?
What is a state in which a person experiences a lingering depressed mood or diminished interest in activities?
What term refers to a vulnerability or predisposition to developing a disorder?
What term describes the number of new cases of a disorder?
What term refers to the percentage of people within a population who have a specific mental disorder?
What term describes falling back into a mental disorder within 6 months of no symptoms?
What term describes falling back into a disorder after 6 months of no symptoms?
What mood disorder is characterized by at least having a manic episode?
What mood disorder is characterized by episodes of hypomania and a major depressive episode?
What disorder involves 2 years of cycling between hypomanic and depressive symptoms without meeting full criteria for episodes?
What term refers to the appearance of observable emotions?
What term describes long periods of time with strong emotions?
What is an abnormally elevated mood or irritability with increased energy lasting at least one week?
What episode has the same criteria as a manic episode but is less severe and shorter in duration?
What is a period of markedly depressed mood or loss of interest in activities for at least 2 weeks?
What term refers to a normal range of moods and emotions?
What is a form of depression that is not severe enough to be diagnosed as major depression?
What term describes an elated mood state?
What term refers to a negative emotional state?
What neurotransmitter is involved in arousal, learning, and mood regulation?
What neurotransmitter affects hunger, sleep, arousal, and mood?
What hypothesis suggests manic states result from excessive norepinephrine and depressive states from its deficiency?
What theory suggests manic states are due to low serotonin and high norepinephrine, while depressive states are due to low levels of both?
What is a chronic form of unipolar depression marked by ongoing symptoms of major or mild depression?
What term describes anxiety, insecurity, and emotional instability?
What are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors that inhibit the reuptake of serotonin?
What antidepressant drugs achieve their effect by selectively blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine?
What theory suggests our thoughts affect our feelings, which in turn affect our behaviors?
What is Beck's cognitive triad?
What is Seligman's attributional style?
What model suggests that attributions can foster hopelessness, leading to depression?
What term describes being stuck on a negative thought, serving as a risk or maintenance factor?
What model suggests depression can result from lack of response-contingent reinforcement?
What system is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response, increasing heart rate and breathing?
What system is responsible for 'rest and digest,' bringing the body back to homeostasis?
What axis involves stressor-induced changes, including the release of cortisol and adrenaline?
What is marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation, such as animals or heights?
What is sudden fainting due to hypotension induced by emotional stress, pain, or trauma?
What disorder involves marked fear or anxiety about social situations with possible scrutiny by others?
What disorder involves recurrent unexpected panic attacks and worry about additional attacks?
What disorder involves marked fear or anxiety about using public transport or being in open spaces?
What disorder involves excessive anxiety and worry occurring more days than not for at least 6 months?
What cognitive style involves perception of threats quickly approaching and increasing in threat?
What term describes a greater risk for an anxiety disorder?
What temperamentally based style involves being particularly fearful and restrained in novel situations?
What type of learning involves linking two or more stimuli to anticipate events?
What theory involves learning through observation and role modeling?
What conditioning involves internal bodily sensations of fear serving as signals for new panic attacks?
What model involves ambiguous situations misinterpreted as dangerous, causing distress?
What disorder involves the presence of obsessions and/or compulsions?
What disorder involves preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental control?
What circuit is associated with reward, motivation, and habit-based behavior, and is imbalanced in OCD?
What disorder involves a persistent disturbance of eating behavior that significantly impairs health?
What term describes eating behaviors that do not reach clinical significance?
What eating disorder is characterized by refusal to eat, distorted body image, and intense fear of being fat?
What disorder involves recurrent episodes of binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behaviors?
What disorder involves recurrent episodes of binge eating without inappropriate compensatory behaviors?
What does OSFED stand for in the context of eating disorders?
What model describes the cycle of dieting leading to hunger, loss of restraint, and bingeing?
What model suggests exposure to ideal appearances can lead to body dissatisfaction and restrictive eating?
What model suggests dieting and negative affect can both lead to bulimic symptoms?
What model suggests interpersonal problems can lead to low self-esteem and binge eating as a coping mechanism?
What model describes the cycle of societal pressures leading to overevaluation of appearance and binge eating?
What psychological disorder is characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech?
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