Biochem Exam 2
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Cards in this deck(100)
Where are sterols typically found within eukaryotic cells?
What is an example of a sterol that plays a crucial role in cellular membranes?
How do mammals obtain cholesterol for their physiological needs?
Do bacteria possess sterols in their cellular structure?
What is the primary function of sterols in biological membranes?
What are the polarity and solubility characteristics of cholesterol in water?
How does cholesterol contribute to the clogging of arteries?
What is a derivative of sterols that plays a significant role in the body?
Which is more polar: cholesterol or steroid hormone?
How are steroid hormones synthesized in the body?
How are steroid hormones transported throughout the body?
What is an example of a biologically active lipid that acts as a signaling molecule?
What is the concentration of hormones in the body compared to other lipids?
What role do hormones play in the body?
What are the four lipid-soluble and biologically active vitamins?
What is the primary function of transporters in cellular membranes?
What are the three classes of transport mechanisms in cells?
What is the characteristic of a uniport transport mechanism?
What is the characteristic of a symport transport mechanism?
What is the characteristic of an antiport transport mechanism?
What are the six types of transport mechanisms in biological membranes?
What is the characteristic of simple diffusion in cellular transport?
What is the characteristic of facilitated transport in cellular membranes?
What is the characteristic of primary active transport in cellular membranes?
What is the characteristic of secondary active transport in cellular membranes?
What is the characteristic of ion channels in cellular membranes?
What is the characteristic of ionophores in cellular membranes?
What are three different lipid membrane structures found in cells?
What is the characteristic of micelles in terms of their structure?
How many lipids typically make up a micelle structure?
What type of drugs can micelles effectively deliver?
What is another term commonly used for a liposome in biological contexts?
What is the shape of a liposome, and how does it function in drug delivery?
What type of drug can a liposome effectively deliver due to its structure?
What is found in the center of a liposome that aids in its function?
What can a liposome fuse with to deliver its contents effectively?
What are the seven functions of a membrane in cellular processes?
What are the three primary functions of membrane proteins?
What are the three types of membrane proteins based on their association with the membrane?
What is the characteristic of integral proteins in cellular membranes?
How can integral proteins be removed from the membrane?
What is the characteristic of peripheral proteins in cellular membranes?
How can peripheral proteins be removed from the membrane?
What is the characteristic of lipid anchor proteins in cellular membranes?
How can lipid anchor proteins be detached from a lipid in the membrane?
What is the movement characteristic of molecules in the gel phase of a membrane?
What is the movement characteristic of molecules in the fluid phase of a membrane?
How is the fluidity of a membrane determined?
As temperatures increase, how does membrane composition change to maintain stability?
As temperatures decrease, how does membrane composition change to maintain fluidity?
At what temperature will you find more sterols in the membrane to maintain fluidity?
What is the characteristic of lateral diffusion in cellular membranes?
What is the characteristic of transverse diffusion in cellular membranes?
How is transverse diffusion sped up in cellular membranes?
What is the function of flippase in cellular membranes?
What is the function of floppase in cellular membranes?
What is the function of scramblase in cellular membranes?
About how many angstroms is a typical biological membrane in thickness?
What are three characteristics of a biological membrane?
Do membranes differ between organisms, tissues, and organelles?
What model was created to describe membranes structurally and dynamically?
Who developed the Fluid Mosaic Model and when?
What does the Fluid Mosaic Model say about the structure of membranes?
What bonds are broken and which bonds remain after DNA denaturation?
What happens to pi stacking during DNA denaturation and what results?
What happens to UV absorbance during DNA denaturation?
What causes DNA denaturation in biological systems?
What four factors affect DNA denaturation?
How does base pair composition affect DNA denaturation?
How does DNA length affect DNA denaturation?
How does pH affect DNA denaturation?
How does ionic strength affect DNA denaturation?
What is denaturation the basis of for in molecular biology?
What is the primary purpose of PCR in molecular biology?
What is the opposite process of DNA denaturation?
What is recombinant DNA in the context of genetic engineering?
What is the purpose of DNA cloning in molecular biology?
What are restriction endonucleases and what is their function?
What type of sequence does an endonuclease cut in DNA?
What is created by an endonuclease that leaves an overhang after cutting DNA?
What is created by an endonuclease that leaves no overhang after cutting DNA?
Where is a large number of known restriction endonucleases found and what is their function?
What are plasmids and what is their role in genetic engineering?
How can plasmids be replicated in a laboratory setting?
What are bacteria called that have replicated plasmids in them?
What sites do you find in plasmids that are crucial for their function?
What is electrophoresis used for in molecular biology?
How many base pairs are in a pGLO plasmid?
What regions are found in a pGLO plasmid that are essential for its function?
What are lipids and what is their primary characteristic?
What are the functions of lipids in biological systems?
What is the classification of lipids based on?
What are the two classifications of lipids based on their composition?
What are two examples of lipids that contain fatty acids?
What are two examples of lipids that do not contain fatty acids?
How many carbons are typically found in a fatty acid chain?
What is the characteristic of saturated fatty acids in terms of carbon bonds?
What is the characteristic of monounsaturated fatty acids in terms of carbon bonds?
What is the characteristic of polyunsaturated fatty acids in terms of carbon bonds?
Do fatty acids have branches in their structure?
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