Exam 4

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Biology - Biochemistry

letadla123oigko Created by 9 mon ago

Cards in this deck(44)

Which of the following enzymatic steps are not part of the gluconeogenesis pathway?

True or false? Glucagon stimulates gluconeogenesis.

True or false? High blood sugar after a meal increases the level of glucagon released by the pancreas.

True or false? Biotin works as a carbon carrier.

True or false? Biotin works as an electron carrier.

True or false? Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) will have an inhibitory effect on fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase.

True or false? Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) will have an activating effect on fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase.

True or false? High blood sugar after a meal increases the level of insulin released by the pancreas.

True or false? Insulin stimulates gluconeogenesis.

True or false? Glycerol can be converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis.

What are the examples of glucagon in relation to its function and effects?

How can you identify insulin in relation to its effects on glucose metabolism?

What are the components of stimulation in relation to monolayer and acid?

True or false? In animals, fatty acids can be converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis.

True or false? The citric acid cycle is inhibited under low energy conditions.

Which of these compounds is oxidized by a multienzyme complex that requires five different coenzymes?

True or false? In general, the citric acid cycle is inhibited under high energy conditions.

Does the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate generate one molecule of FADH2?

True or false? Elevated concentrations of NADH and ATP will activate PDH kinase.

True or false? Activation of the PDH kinase decreases production of acetylCoA.

Why do lipoprotein particles (e.g. VLDL) only have a monolayer of phospholipids instead of a typical lipid bilayer?

Bile salts are amphipathic. How does this help emulsify dietary fats?

The hormone __________ induces lipolysis, whereas the hormone __________ inhibits the process.

The hormone __________ inhibits lipolysis, whereas the hormone __________ stimulates the process.

What are the steps involved (in order) in the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

A mutation in the active site of succinyl CoA synthetase where His is converted to Lys would result in which of the following?

How does the citric acid cycle maintain a minimal level of oxaloacetate (OAA) to allow the cycle to function?

The citric acid cycle is activated in the presence of oxygen (O2), but what is the link between the citric acid cycle and O2?

Which of the following conditions will activate pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, which catalyzes the phosphorylation and inactivation of E1 in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex?

In gluconeogenesis, aldolase functions to convert one Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and one dihydroxyacetone phosphate to the following product(s):

Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are reciprocally regulated by a common regulator, fructose-2,6-bisphosphate. Levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate are regulated by:

What is the effect of Protein kinase A phosphorylation of the dual function enzyme PFK-2/FBPase-2?

Why is it important that Biotin be linked to a flexible arm of pyruvate carboxylase?

During vigorous exercise, stimulation of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle results principally from:

The β-oxidation of myristyl-CoA (14:0) yields:

Fatty acid synthesis is regulated by hormone depending on feeding vs. fasting and recent exercise vs. no recent exercise. Which hormones are active and what is their mechanism of action of the(se) hormone(s) after exercise and a meal?

What are the conditions that lead to a 'beer gut' due to the excess consumption of alcohol?

Considering the final steps in cholesterol biosynthesis, when squalene is eventually converted to lanosterol, which of the following statements is correct?

Why do lipoprotein particles (e.g. VLDL) only have a monolayer of phospholipids instead of a typical lipid bilayer?

Humans can convert cholesterol to each of the following, EXCEPT:

Lovastatin is used to lower cholesterol by inhibiting the function of which protein?

Suppose 14C-labeled CO2 is used to form malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA. If this labeled malonyl-CoA is used for palmitate synthesis, which carbon atom(s) in the fatty acid would be radiolabeled?

Fatty acids are adenylated prior to reacting with Coenzyme A to make Acyl-CoA. What is the purpose of the adenylation?

When fatty acid biosynthesis is stimulated, β-oxidation of fatty acids is inhibited. This inhibition occurs mainly because:

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