Human Development and Brain Structure: Developmental Stages and Neural Organization

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Psychology - Developmental Psychology

georgepetenjk Created by 10 mon ago

Cards in this deck(100)

Chapter five involves the study of development across the _____?

What are the 'big four' stages of human development, including prenatal, infancy, childhood, and _____?

How many layers are there in the isocortex? The isocortex is composed of _____ layers.

The fissure of Rolando is a major groove in the brain that goes from _____ to _____.

Who was the first man to propose a theory of development without stages? _____ was his name.

Bronfenbrenner said, 'Life is like a long tube, what happens on the outside is what life is like.' This statement reflects his view on _____?

In Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, the innermost tube is referred to as _____?

The microsystem includes parents, the people around you, church groups, and neighborhood play areas. This is known as the _____?

The macrosystem encompasses culture and what surrounds everything within it. This is known as the _____?

The chronosystem involves good and bad events, such as weddings and the death of parents, representing the concept of _____?

What are the three main core layers of Bronfenbrenner's theory? They are the microtube, macrosystem, and _____?

Changes in the Bronfenbrenner model can influence _____ development?

Did people in America accept Bronfenbrenner's model right away? The answer is _____ because the Cold War was ongoing with Russia and he was Russian.

Who was influenced by cognitive development theories? _____ and his stages of cognitive development.

What are the four stages in Piaget's cognitive development theory? They are the sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage, and _____?

Cognitive development refers to the process of _____?

Over time, what changes significantly, especially from high school to college? Your _____ changes as the brain matures.

Who was the first to measure cognitive development, although he didn't discover it? _____ observed it.

What is the first of the four stages in Piaget's cognitive development? It is the _____ stage.

What is the second of the four stages in Piaget's cognitive development? It is the _____ stage.

What is the third of the four stages in Piaget's cognitive development? It is the _____ stage.

What is the fourth of the four stages in Piaget's theory of cognitive development? It is the _____ stage.

The sensorimotor stage involves sensory experiences as a toddler, such as touch, feel, and taste. This stage is known as the _____ stage.

In the concrete operational stage, kids struggle with abstract ideas and hypothetical concepts. This stage is known as the _____ stage.

In the preoperational stage, kids learn and play but struggle with logic. This stage is known as the _____ stage.

The formal operational stage involves an increase in logic and the ability to use deductive reasoning. This stage is known as the _____ stage.

What age range does the sensorimotor stage cover? It spans from birth to age _____?

In the sensorimotor stage, children form accommodation and assimilation. Accommodation involves adjusting schemes to accommodate new knowledge, while assimilation involves using existing schemes to deal with new data. These concepts are formed in the _____ stage.

What is object permanence? It is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they aren't seen, heard, or touched. This concept is known as _____?

In which stage does a child acquire object permanence? This occurs in the _____ stage.

What is habituation? It is the decreased response to the same stimulus. This concept is known as _____?

What is dishabituation? It is the recovery of a habituated response. This concept is known as _____?

What is joint attention? It involves learning from other people's movements. This concept is known as _____?

What is imitation? It involves a mother making a face and the baby doing it back. This concept is known as _____?

What is a type of bonding and mirroring between mother and child? This is known as _____?

What is the language development of a baby? It involves sound production, recognition, and using sounds for attention. This process is known as _____?

What are the four types of language development in a baby? They include crying, cooing, babbling (consonants), and _____ (9-12 months).

What is the age range of the preoperational stage? It spans from two years old to _____ years old.

In the preoperational stage, children organize sensations, words, and pictures, form stable concepts, and begin to reason things out. This stage is known as the _____ stage.

The symbolic substage is related to which level of Piaget's theories for development? It is associated with the _____ stage.

Egocentrism is related to which stage of Piaget's theory of development? It is associated with the _____ stage.

Animism is related to which stage of Piaget's cognitive theory of development? It is associated with the _____ stage.

What tendency do kids ages 2-4 in the preoperational stage tend to do? They focus on one characteristic, believing that changing the appearance of an object does not change its basic properties. This tendency is known as _____?

What is the intuitive thought substage in the preoperational stage of Piaget's cognitive theory of development? It occurs when children ages 4-7 want answers and might question 'why not,' but are not good at thinking things out and can't see the 'what if.' This substage is known as _____?

What is important to know about all of these stages? They might happen at different times for different children. This variability is known as _____?

What age range does the concrete operational stage happen at? It spans from ages seven to _____ years old.

What happens in the concrete operational stage? Major characteristics and developmental changes occur, such as logical thinking and understanding conservation. This stage is known as the _____ stage.

In which stage do children develop the concept of conservation, realizing that the amount of water in a short fat cup can be the same as in a tall skinny glass? This occurs in the _____ stage.

At the stage that happens for children seven to eleven years old, what changes occur? Thinking becomes more logical and organized, and children begin using inductive logic. This stage is known as the _____ stage.

What disappears at the concrete operational level? _____ disappears as kids become better at thinking about how someone else might view a situation.

What do kids still struggle with at the concrete operational level? They struggle with _____ and hypothetical concepts.

What might kids at the concrete operational stage question and struggle with? They might question and struggle with _____ and spirituality.

What age does the formal operational stage happen at? It begins at age _____ and continues into adulthood.

What are the major characteristics and developmental changes for the formal operational stage? Teens think abstractly and reason about hypothetical problems. This stage is known as the _____ stage.

Does the formal operational stage rely on experience? The answer is _____ because it involves considering possible outcomes and consequences of actions.

What type of logic does the formal operational stage use? It uses _____ logic, which is the opposite of inductive reasoning.

What is metacognition? It involves thinking about thinking and the evaluation of decisions made. This concept is known as _____?

In Piaget's model, realistic thinking is associated with the _____ operations stage.

In Piaget's model, abstract thinking is associated with the _____ operations stage.

Who came up with the theory of psychosexual development? _____ is credited with this theory.

What are the five stages of psychosexual development? They are oral, anal, phallic, latent, and _____?

What age does the oral stage happen in Freud's five stages of psychosexual development? It occurs from birth to _____ months.

What age does the anal stage happen in Freud's five stages of psychosexual development? It occurs from 18 months to _____ years.

What age does the phallic stage happen in Freud's five stages of psychosexual development? It occurs from 3-4 years to _____ years.

What age does the latent stage happen in Freud's five stages of psychosexual development? It occurs from 5-7 years to _____?

The genital stage in Freud's psychosexual development occurs from _____ onwards.

What is important in the oral stage of psychosexual development? It involves pleasure in the mouth through activities like _____, biting, and chewing.

What is important in the anal stage of psychosexual development? It involves potty training and knowing when to go to the _____?

What is important in the phallic stage of psychosexual development? It is controversial and involves coping with sexual feelings and developing a sexual _____?

What is important in the latency stage of psychosexual development? It involves dormant sexual feelings and a focus on _____?

What is important in the genital stage of psychosexual development? It involves the maturation of sexual interests and _____?

In our relationships, we try and work out issues that we don't work out now. This statement reflects the concept of _____?

If you don't understand your past, you can't understand where you are going. This is exemplified by the _____ example.

What is social development - attachment? It involves an emotional tie or bond with another person, seeking closeness and _____?

What did Harlow's monkey experiment involve? It involved removing young monkeys from their natural mothers and leaving them to be raised by _____?

What did the baby monkeys in Harlow's experiment prefer? They spent significantly more time with their _____ mother than with their wire mother.

What is brain wiring? It involves the organization of _____ layers.

What are Kohlberg's levels of moral thinking? They are preconventional, conventional, and _____?

What characterizes the preconventional level of Kohlberg's moral thinking? It involves avoiding punishment, seeking reward, and asking 'what's in it for _____?'

What characterizes the conventional level of Kohlberg's moral thinking? It involves caring about others, following rules, and adhering to _____ norms.

What characterizes the postconventional level of Kohlberg's moral thinking? It involves abstract thinking and having personal beliefs about what is _____ or wrong.

What does social development deal with? It involves identity and universal concern for 'who am _____?'

What are some pieces that make up someone's identity? They include career, political identity, religious identity, intellectual identity, and _____ or cultural identity.

Who developed the concept of identity vs identity confusion? _____ is credited with this concept.

Who is associated with psychosocial development? _____ is known for this theory.

Who created the theory of psychosexual development? _____ is credited with this theory.

What is the same about psychosocial and psychosexual development? They are both _____, moving in stages.

What are the eight stages of psychosocial development? They include trust vs mistrust, autonomy vs shame/doubt, initiative vs guilt, industry vs identity diffusion, identity vs identity diffusion, intimacy vs isolation, generativity vs self-absorption, and integrity vs _____?

What is a crisis in the context of identity development? It is a period of development during which the individual is exploring alternatives, known as _____?

What is commitment in the context of identity development? It involves personal investment in _____?

What is intimacy in the context of social development? It is the ability to form close, loving relationships, which is an important development for _____?

What is social identity? It is the 'we' aspect of identity that comes from our group memberships, known as _____?

What is adolescence in the context of identity and role confusion? It involves trying out different roles, searching for identity, and understanding that a negative identity is better than no identity. This stage is known as _____?

What is the sixth stage of young adulthood according to Erikson's psychosocial development theory? It is known as _____ vs Isolation.

What are the main challenges of the intimacy vs isolation stage? It involves the struggle to form close relationships and integrate self with others, seeking _____ and acceptance.

Why is the intimacy vs isolation stage considered the hardest stage? It involves wondering if one will ever find _____?

What is generativity in middle adulthood? It involves contributions to the world and family _____?

What is stagnation in middle adulthood? It involves earning years pride and a lack of purpose leading to a _____ life.

What happens during generativity and stagnation? It involves experiences like empty nest syndrome, male menopause, midlife crisis, and _____?

What is late adulthood in the context of integrity vs despair? It involves feelings of satisfaction or _____, often experienced when visiting a nursing home.

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