chapter 11

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Biology - Genetics

user_striner Created by 7 mon ago

Cards in this deck(62)

What is the process by which the genetic material is copied?

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What is used as a template for the synthesis of new DNA strands with identical sequences?

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In DNA replication, what part of the process involves two complementary strands of DNA coming apart?

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In DNA replication, each strand serves as a template strand for what?

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In DNA replication, what are the two newly made DNA strands called?

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In DNA replication, what are the original two DNA strands referred to as?

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In what decade were three different mechanisms proposed for the replication of DNA?

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What does the conservative model of DNA replication propose?

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What does the semiconservative model of DNA replication propose?

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What does the dispersive model of DNA replication propose?

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What did Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl devise a method to investigate?

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In what year did Meselson and Stahl conduct their research on DNA replication?

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How did Meselson and Stahl experimentally distinguish between daughter and parental DNA strands?

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What was the hypothesis of Meselson and Stahl based on Watson and Crick's ideas?

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What is a key feature of bacterial DNA replication?

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Where does DNA synthesis begin in bacterial chromosomes?

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How many origins of replication do bacterial chromosomes typically have?

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What is the origin of replication in E. coli termed as?

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What are the three types of DNA sequences in oriC that are functionally important?

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What are DnaA boxes in the context of DNA replication?

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What are AT-rich regions in the context of DNA replication?

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What are the GATC methylation sites in DNA replication?

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What is the role of DNA helicase in bacterial DNA replication?

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What is the function of Topoisomerase II (DNA Gyrase) in bacterial DNA replication?

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What is the role of single-stranded binding proteins in bacterial DNA replication?

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What is the function of primase in bacterial DNA replication?

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What is the role of DNA polymerase III in bacterial DNA replication?

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What is the function of DNA polymerase I in bacterial DNA replication?

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What is the role of DNA ligase in bacterial DNA replication?

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What are DNA polymerases in the context of DNA replication?

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In E. coli, what are the five proteins with polymerase activity?

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What happens to DNA polymerase III in the absence of the B subunit?

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What happens to DNA polymerase III in the presence of the B subunit?

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In the case of proofreading function, what can DNA polymerase identify?

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In the case of proofreading function, what can DNA polymerase use 3' to 5' exonuclease activity to do?

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On the opposite side of the chromosome to oriC, what is a pair of termination sequences called?

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What are the termination (ter) sequences designated as?

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What does the protein Tus stand for in DNA replication?

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What does Tus do in the context of DNA replication?

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In each cell, only one sequence is required to stop one fork. What does the other fork do?

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DNA replication ends when what occurs?

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Eukaryotic DNA replication is not as well understood as what?

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What is one similarity between DNA replication in bacteria and eukaryotes?

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How is DNA replication in eukaryotes more complex than in prokaryotes?

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Replication of eukaryotic chromosomes bubbles from what?

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In eukaryotic replication, what does it begin with the assembly of?

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What is the origin recognition complex (ORC) in eukaryotic replication?

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What does the binding of MCM helicase in the pre-replication complex (preRC) do?

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Where are telomeres located on linear eukaryotic chromosomes?

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What does the term telomere refer to?

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What do the telomeric sequences consist of?

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Telomeric sequences typically consist of what?

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Why is there a replication problem at the ends of linear chromosomes?

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What are the two unusual features DNA polymerases possess?

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If the problem regarding replication at the ends of linear chromosomes is not resolved, what could happen?

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How does the cell fix the replication problem at the ends of linear chromosomes?

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How does the cell add DNA sequences to the ends of the telomeres?

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What are the steps for the enzymatic action of telomerase?

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How do telomeres change in actively dividing cells over time?

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What happens when cells become senescent due to short telomeres?

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What is the significance of telomerase activity in cancer cells?

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What could happen if your telomerase does not work correctly?

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