intestines Advocated for hand washing to prevent transmission of germs biogenesis where is E. coli found in the body? Taxis

where is E. coli found in the body?

STEC Heterotrophs what type of E. coli is dangerous? biogenesis Fungi are...

what type of E. coli is dangerous?

Shiga Type IV pili Archaeal cell walls don't have peptidoglycan, what do some have instead? What morphology is curved/loose spiral shape? what toxin is produced by the pathogenic type of E. coli?

what toxin is produced by the pathogenic type of E. coli?

Staphylococcus aureus which scientific name is correct? fungi-like protists Eukaryotic cells... Mycelium (mycelia)

which scientific name is correct?

Microbiology: Exam 1

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Biology - Microbiology

user_hassanuml Created by 9 mon ago

Cards in this deck(100)

intestines

STEC

Shiga

includes prokaryotic organisms like E. coli

includes protozoa, algae, fungi, and helminths

unicellular microbes that live in extreme enviornments

virus

Staphylococcus aureus

A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.

Contain a nucleus and other organelles that are bound by membranes.

Bacteria have a cell nucleus

contain peptidoglycan

unicellular or multicellular

unicellular, may be motile via pseudopods, cilia, or flagella

protozoa

Photosynthetic, unicellular or multicellular

multicellular, parasitic worms

acellular, have DNA or RNA

no membrane bound nucleus

"wee animalcules"

the theory that living organisms can rise from nonliving things

development of life from preexisting life

Francesco Redi

Louis Pasteur

the application of a high heat for a short time

spoilage of food

idea that infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms

Ignaz Semmelweis

series of guidelines used to identify the microorganism that causes a specific disease

2, 4, 1, 3

the inoculation of a host with inactive or weakened pathogens or pathogen products to stimulate protective active immunity

the use of drugs/chemicals to treat a disease

chemotherapeutic agents prepared from chemicals in the laboratory

chemicals naturally produced by bacteria and fungi that inhibit or kill other microbes

first antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming

a newly emerged strain of E coli, the common intestinal bacteria, that contains a gene for shiga toxin, making it highly pathogenic

any kind of microscope that uses visible light to observe specimens

uses electrons instead of light, the shorter wavelength of electrons gives greater resolution

A type of microscopy in which a physical probe scans the surface of a specimen

Bacillus

Coccus

Spirillum, vibrio, spirochete

variations in size and shape among cells of a single species

pairs

clusters

chains

Protists can ingest only those bacteria that are "just right" (Goldilocks effect)

Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, nucleoid

An array of proteins or glycoproteins on the cell wall surfaces of many bacteria and archaea

Typically composed of polysaccharides, includes the capsule (neatly organized layer) or a slime layer (unorganized and loosely attached to the cell surface)

Pili, hami, fimbriae, flagella/archaella, glycocalyx & S-layer

Enable organisms to stick to surfaces or form pellicles (thin sheets of cells on a liquid surface)

Typically longer than fimbriae and fewer are found on the cell (1 or few)

Transfer DNA from one bacterium to another

Facilitate adhesion and can also support twitching motility

Only archaeal, "grappling hooks" that assist in surface attachment and forming biofilms

Long appendages that assist in motility in bacteria and archaea

The directed movement in response to chemical or physical gradients

Response to chemicals

Response to light

Cell shape, attachment of extra cellular projections (flagella), protection

NAM and NAG attached by polypeptides

Bacterial cells that have a thick layer of peptidoglycan, teichoic acids, highly susceptible to penicillin and lysozyme

Bacterial cells that have a thin layer of peptidoglycan and outer membrane, periplasmic space, low susceptibility to penicillin and lysozyme

Unique to gram positive cells, link to plasma membrane and peptidoglycan

In gram negative cells, the space between the outer membrane and plasma membrane

In gram negative, form channels through the membrane to permit passage of molecules

Large complex molecules in the outer membrane that contains lipids, carbohydrates, and consists of three components (lipid A, core polysaccharide, O polysaccharide)

Pseudopeptidoglycan

Gatekeeper of the cell for movement of molecules in and out of the cell, selectively permeable. Major functions: energy conservation, protein anchor, permeability barrier

Region in the cytoplasm where the chromosomal DNA is located, not surrounded by a membrane

Extra chromosomal DNA, not connected to the main chromosome

Site of protein synthesis

Reserve deposits in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells

Dormant cells, survival structures to endure unfavorable growth conditions, formation is initiated when growth ceases due to lack of essential nutrients

Endospore formation

Return to vegetative (growing, reproducing) state

Protozoa

The theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated as prokaryotic cells engulfed by an ancestral eukaryotic cell. The engulfed cell and its host cell then evolved into a single organism.

asexually by budding

multicellular fungi that grow in long filaments called hyphae

The branching, threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi

densely branched network of the hyphae of a fungus

A collection of small hyphae that "anchors" the mold

fungal reproductive bodies

Organisms that depend on other organisms for their food.

infection acquired in the community (environment) not in a hospital

infections acquired in healthcare settings

caused by a pathogen that does not normally produce an illness in healthy humans, impacts already weakened individuals

organisms that obtain food from decaying organic matter

An organism that feeds on a living host

Decomposing organic matter, increase water and nutrient absorption, produce antibiotics & vitamins, makes alcohol

A eukaryotic organism that cannot be classified as an animal, plant, or fungus.

protists that make their own food through photosynthesis (algae)

heterotrophs, unicellular (Protozoa)

break down organic matter for food and are mostly multicellular, heterotrophic (slime and water molds)

Microscopic, free-floating, autotrophic organisms that function as producers in aquatic ecosystems

motile feeding stage of protozoa

Dormant, resting stage of Protozoa Formed when conditions become unfavorable for growth and feeding Important factor in spread of disease

Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion

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Microbiology: Exam 1

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