What three components make up the structure of DNA? Amino acids, ribose sugar, phosphate group Nitrogenous base, phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar Nitrogenous base, ribose sugar, phosphate group Ribose sugar, phosphate group, uracil

Nitrogenous base, phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar

Identify the four nitrogenous bases in DNA and their complementary base pairing. Adenine (A) + Thymine (T), Guanine (G) + Cytosine (C) Adenine (A) + Guanine (G), Thymine (T) + Cytosine (C) Adenine (A) + Uracil (U), Guanine (G) + Cytosine (C) Adenine (A) + Cytosine (C), Guanine (G) + Thymine (T)

Adenine (A) + Thymine (T), Guanine (G) + Cytosine (C)

What is the 'backbone' of DNA made out of? Nitrogenous bases and phosphate group Ribose sugar and uracil Phosphate group and deoxyribose sugar Amino acids and ribose sugar

Phosphate group and deoxyribose sugar

What are nucleotides, and where are they located in the DNA structure? Nucleotides are the 'rungs' of the ladder of DNA, located between the backbone. Nucleotides are proteins, located in the nucleus. Nucleotides are the backbone of DNA, located on the sides of the ladder. Nucleotides are lipids, located in the cell membrane.

Nucleotides are the 'rungs' of the ladder of DNA, located between the backbone.

What role do hydrogen bonds play in the structure of DNA? They form the backbone of DNA, providing structural support. They hold the two bases together, allowing DNA to 'unzip' for replication. They link the DNA to the RNA during transcription. They connect the phosphate groups to the sugars in DNA.

They hold the two bases together, allowing DNA to 'unzip' for replication.

What are chromosomes and chromatin, and where are they found? Chromosomes are carbohydrates found in the mitochondria; chromatin is the DNA within the cytoplasm. Chromosomes are lipids found in the cell membrane; chromatin is the RNA within the nucleus. Chromosomes are proteins found in the cytoplasm; chromatin is the DNA within the nucleus. Chromosomes are organized nucleotides found in the nucleus; chromatin is the substance that makes up chromosomes.

Chromosomes are organized nucleotides found in the nucleus; chromatin is the substance that makes up chromosomes.

What are genes, and what information do they contain? Genes are segments of DNA containing specific information for proteins, cells, or traits. Genes are carbohydrates that provide structural support to cells. Genes are proteins that regulate cell division and growth. Genes are lipids that store energy for cellular processes.

Genes are segments of DNA containing specific information for proteins, cells, or traits.

What is referred to as 'your genome'? The proteins synthesized in your body. The RNA sequences in your cells. All of the DNA in an organism, including you. The lipids present in your cell membranes.

All of the DNA in an organism, including you.

What is RNA, and what are its components? Protein with amino acids and bases: A, G, C, T Deoxyribonucleic acid with a sugar-phosphate backbone and bases: A, T, G, C Lipid with fatty acids and bases: A, G, C, U Ribonucleic acid with a sugar-phosphate backbone and bases: A, G, C, U (uracil)

Ribonucleic acid with a sugar-phosphate backbone and bases: A, G, C, U (uracil)

Which of the following are considered nitrogen bases in DNA? Thymine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine Adenine, Thymine, Uracil, Guanine Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

In DNA pairing, which nitrogen bases pair together? Adenine + Cytosine, Thymine + Guanine Adenine + Guanine, Thymine + Cytosine Adenine + Thymine, Guanine + Thymine Adenine + Thymine, Cytosine + Guanine

Adenine + Thymine, Cytosine + Guanine

What are the phases of interphase in the cell cycle, and what occurs in each phase? G1 (DNA replication), S1 (metabolic activities), G2 (cell division) G1 (cell division), S1 (protein synthesis), G2 (cell growth) G1 (metabolic activities), S1 (DNA replication), G2 (preparation for division) G1 (preparation for division), S1 (metabolic activities), G2 (DNA replication)

G1 (metabolic activities), S1 (DNA replication), G2 (preparation for division)

What is the primary purpose of meiosis, and where does it occur? To repair damaged cells in tissues To produce gametes in the gonads To replicate DNA in the nucleus To produce identical cells in the skin

To produce gametes in the gonads

What are the characteristics of sexual reproduction? Involves two parents, requires meiosis, results in genetically diverse offspring Involves one parent, does not require meiosis, results in identical offspring Involves two parents, does not require meiosis, results in identical offspring Involves one parent, requires meiosis, results in genetically diverse offspring

Involves two parents, requires meiosis, results in genetically diverse offspring

What are the characteristics of asexual reproduction? Involves one parent, results in genetically diverse offspring Involves two parents, results in genetically diverse offspring Involves one parent, results in genetically identical offspring Involves two parents, results in genetically identical offspring

Involves one parent, results in genetically identical offspring

What is aneuploidy, and how does it affect the zygote? A mistake in mitosis leading to identical chromosome numbers in the zygote A normal process leading to diverse chromosome numbers in the zygote A mistake in meiosis leading to too many or too few chromosomes in the zygote A normal process ensuring equal chromosome distribution in the zygote

A mistake in meiosis leading to too many or too few chromosomes in the zygote

What is polyploidy, and how does it affect the zygote? The zygote has only one set of chromosomes The zygote has an incomplete set of chromosomes The zygote has three or more full sets of chromosomes The zygote has two sets of chromosomes

The zygote has three or more full sets of chromosomes

Which of the following are Mendel's laws that explain the inheritance of traits? The law of uniformity, The law of mutation, and The law of linkage The law of dominance and uniformity, The law of segregation, and The law of independent assortment The law of segregation, The law of mutation, and The law of dominance The law of independent assortment, The law of linkage, and The law of mutation

The law of dominance and uniformity, The law of segregation, and The law of independent assortment

How is blood type inherited, considering the possible alleles and genotypes? Blood type is inherited through a single dominant allele Blood type is determined by a single allele from one parent A child receives one of three possible alleles from each parent, giving rise to six possible genotypes and four possible blood types Blood type is determined by environmental factors

A child receives one of three possible alleles from each parent, giving rise to six possible genotypes and four possible blood types

What are polygenic traits and how do they differ from Mendelian inheritance? Traits influenced by two or more genes, not following Mendelian inheritance patterns Traits influenced by environmental factors only Traits determined by a single gene, following Mendelian inheritance Traits that are always dominant

Traits influenced by two or more genes, not following Mendelian inheritance patterns

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