What are the primary functions of the muscular system? Generates heat, Posture/Position, Stabilizes joints, Movement Produces hormones, Digests food, Filters blood, Protects organs Transports oxygen, Regulates temperature, Stores minerals, Produces blood cells Absorbs nutrients, Secretes enzymes, Maintains balance, Supports immune function

Generates heat, Posture/Position, Stabilizes joints, Movement

Where is skeletal muscle located and how is it described? Present in the skin, Non-striated, Voluntary, Multinucleate, Short fibers Attached to bones with tendons, Striated, Voluntary, Sarcomeres, Multinucleate, Long cylindrical Found in the heart, Involuntary, Striated, Binucleate, Branching structure Located in hollow organs, Nonstriated, Involuntary, Single spindle cell

Attached to bones with tendons, Striated, Voluntary, Sarcomeres, Multinucleate, Long cylindrical

What is the location and description of cardiac muscle? Located in the skin, Non-striated, Voluntary, Multinucleate, Short fibers Walls of heart only, Sarcomeres, Striations, Binucleate, Involuntary, Branching structure, Gap junctions and Desmosomes Found in hollow organs, Nonstriated, Involuntary, Single spindle cell Attached to bones, Striated, Voluntary, Multinucleate, Long cylindrical

Walls of heart only, Sarcomeres, Striations, Binucleate, Involuntary, Branching structure, Gap junctions and Desmosomes

Where is smooth muscle found and how is it described? Located in the heart, Striated, Involuntary, Binucleate, Branching structure Present in the skin, Non-striated, Voluntary, Multinucleate, Short fibers Found in walls of hollow organs, No sarcomeres, Nonstriated, Single spindle cell, Uninucleate, Involuntary Attached to bones, Striated, Voluntary, Multinucleate, Long cylindrical

Found in walls of hollow organs, No sarcomeres, Nonstriated, Single spindle cell, Uninucleate, Involuntary

What are the four specialized characteristics of muscle tissue? Flexibility, Rigidity, Durability, Stability Adaptability, Sensitivity, Reactivity, Plasticity Excitability, Contractility, Extensibility, Elasticity Conductivity, Absorbency, Permeability, Resilience

Excitability, Contractility, Extensibility, Elasticity

What is the macro-anatomy of a whole muscle? Covered by epimysium, consists of fascicles, blood vessels, nerve fibers, attached to bone by tendon Surrounded by perimysium, contains sarcomeres, connected to skin by ligaments Encased in endomysium, includes myofibrils, linked to organs by fascia Wrapped in peritoneum, composed of myofilaments, anchored to cartilage

Covered by epimysium, consists of fascicles, blood vessels, nerve fibers, attached to bone by tendon

What is the macro-anatomy of a muscle fascicle? Bundle of muscle cells/fibers covered by perimysium consisting of dense irregular connective tissue Collection of myofilaments wrapped in fascia consisting of elastic tissue Group of myofibrils surrounded by endomysium made of areolar tissue Cluster of sarcomeres encased in epimysium composed of fibrous tissue

Bundle of muscle cells/fibers covered by perimysium consisting of dense irregular connective tissue

How is a muscle fiber described? Elongated multinucleate cells covered with endomysium consisting of areolar tissue, striated appearance Short mononucleate cells wrapped in perimysium made of fibrous tissue, smooth appearance Round binucleate cells encased in epimysium composed of dense tissue, branched appearance Flat anucleate cells surrounded by fascia consisting of elastic tissue, nonstriated appearance

Elongated multinucleate cells covered with endomysium consisting of areolar tissue, striated appearance

What is the function of blood vessels in muscles? Removes waste, nourishes/ gives oxygen Stores nutrients, maintains pressure Transports hormones, regulates temperature Filters toxins, supports immune response

Removes waste, nourishes/ gives oxygen

How do nerves function in muscles? Sensory neuron connects to brain and transmits signals to muscle fibers Motor neuron extends from spinal cord and branches further so there's one nerve per muscle fiber midway down its length Autonomic neuron regulates involuntary muscle contractions Interneuron coordinates reflex actions within muscle tissue

Motor neuron extends from spinal cord and branches further so there's one nerve per muscle fiber midway down its length

Where are oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone stored after being produced in the hypothalamus? Adrenal cortex Thyroid gland Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland Posterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Posterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Which hormone is responsible for causing labor and milk production, and where is it stored? Oxytocin, posterior lobe of the pituitary gland Thyroxin, thyroid gland Insulin, pancreas Prolactin, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Oxytocin, posterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Which hormone tells the kidneys to retain water and where is it stored? Antidiuretic hormone, posterior lobe of the pituitary gland Aldosterone, adrenal cortex Thyroxin, thyroid gland Insulin, pancreas

Antidiuretic hormone, posterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Which hormones are produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland? Epinephrine, norepinephrine Growth hormone, prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone Thyroxin, calcitonin Oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone

Growth hormone, prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone

Which hormone is responsible for growth and where is it produced? Thyroxin, thyroid gland Growth hormone, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland Epinephrine, adrenal medulla Insulin, pancreas

Growth hormone, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Which hormone causes the mammary glands to produce milk and where is it produced? Thyroxin, thyroid gland Oxytocin, posterior lobe of the pituitary gland Insulin, pancreas Prolactin, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Prolactin, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Which hormone is responsible for preparing an egg for release in women and sperm production in men? Luteinizing hormone, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland Thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroid gland Follicle-stimulating hormone, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland Insulin, pancreas

Follicle-stimulating hormone, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Which hormone causes ovulation in women and androgen production in men? Thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroid gland Insulin, pancreas Follicle-stimulating hormone, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland Luteinizing hormone, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Luteinizing hormone, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

What are the major subdivisions of the digestive tract? Heart, lungs, brain, kidneys Liver, pancreas, gallbladder, spleen Skin, hair, nails, glands Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

What is the function of the pharynx in the digestive system? Chemical digestion of proteins Absorption of nutrients Muscular propulsion of materials into the esophagus Production of bile

Muscular propulsion of materials into the esophagus

What are the accessory organs of the digestive system? Skin, hair, nails, glands Brain, spinal cord, nerves, eyes Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas Heart, lungs, kidneys, spleen

Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

What structure separates the two testes within the scrotal sac? Dartos muscle Spermatic cord Tunica albuginea Connective tissue septum (medium raphe)

Connective tissue septum (medium raphe)

What does the spermatic cord contain? Seminal vesicles and prostate gland Bulbourethral glands and urethra Epididymis and vas deferens Arteries, veins, lymphatics, and ductus deferens

Arteries, veins, lymphatics, and ductus deferens

What are the four main regions of the brain? Cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum Cerebral hemispheres, thalamus, pons, medulla Cerebral cortex, thalamus, midbrain, cerebellum Cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, brain stem, cerebellum

Cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum

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