Which statement is TRUE regarding the derivation of immune system cells? Plasma cells are derived from T cells. Neutrophils are classified as lymphoid cells. Macrophages are derived from monocytes. The immune cells found within the bloodstream are called erythrocytes.

Macrophages are derived from monocytes.

What activates natural killer cells in the immune response? are activated by IL-2 and interferon-gamma. only attack bacteria. have primary responsibility for mass-manufacturing antibodies against foreign antigens. secrete interferon-gamma to activate helper T-cells.

are activated by IL-2 and interferon-gamma.

Which of the following statements regarding phagocytosis is TRUE? Phagocytosis is controlled by a negative feedback mechanism whereby phagocytes release chemicals that inhibit further phagocytosis. Antibodies found inside lysosomes attack and kill microbes that are engulfed by phagocytosis. The microbe engulfed by the phagocyte is killed by lysosomal enzymes and hydrogen peroxide. The microbe engulfed by the phagocyte is killed by the membrane attack complex (MAC).

The microbe engulfed by the phagocyte is killed by lysosomal enzymes and hydrogen peroxide.

Colony-stimulating factors are produced by _____ and target cells in the _____, resulting in _____? B cells; thymus; conversion of B cells to T cells macrophages; bone marrow; proliferation of neutrophils and monocytes basophils; bone marrow; release of histamine monocytes; blood vessel walls; vasoconstriction

macrophages; bone marrow; proliferation of neutrophils and monocytes

Which of the following statements regarding the complement system is FALSE? Activated complement can form a membrane attack complex, which forms pores in microbe membranes. The complement pathway is always dependent upon activation of the first complement protein, C1. Certain complement proteins are always circulating in the blood in an inactive state. Activated complement can stimulate cells to secrete inflammation-mediating chemicals.

The complement pathway is always dependent upon activation of the first complement protein, C1.

Which applies to the classical complement pathway, but NOT to the alternative complement pathway? Activation of C3 results in the formation of C3b. Complement activation leads to the development of a multiunit protein called the membrane attack complex (MAC). Antibodies activate the first complement protein (C1). Complement proteins serve as opsonins that facilitate phagocyte binding to microbes.

Antibodies activate the first complement protein (C1).

What does chemotaxis refer to in the context of immune response? refers to the chemical attraction of neutrophils to a site of inflammation. is important only for innate immune responses. is important only for adaptive immune responses. refers to dilation of blood vessels by chemicals released by damaged tissue cells.

refers to the chemical attraction of neutrophils to a site of inflammation.

What is the recommended weight gain during pregnancy for women with different BMI categories? 25-35 lb for normal BMI, 28-40 lb for underweight, 15-25 lb for overweight, 11-20 lb for obese 15-25 lb for normal BMI, 20-35 lb for underweight, 10-20 lb for overweight, 5-15 lb for obese 20-30 lb for normal BMI, 30-45 lb for underweight, 10-20 lb for overweight, 5-15 lb for obese 30-40 lb for normal BMI, 35-50 lb for underweight, 20-30 lb for overweight, 15-25 lb for obese

25-35 lb for normal BMI, 28-40 lb for underweight, 15-25 lb for overweight, 11-20 lb for obese

What should be the major source of carbohydrates in the diet to ensure adequate intake of vitamins, minerals, and fiber? Refined carbohydrates from white bread and pastries Complex carbohydrates from starchy foods like cereals, pasta, and potatoes Sugary drinks and candies Simple sugars from fruits and sweets

Complex carbohydrates from starchy foods like cereals, pasta, and potatoes

Folic acid is crucial during pregnancy for preventing neural tube defects. What is the recommended daily intake? 200-400 mcg of folic acid per day 400-600 mcg of folic acid per day 600-800 mcg of folic acid per day 100-300 mcg of folic acid per day

400-600 mcg of folic acid per day

Calcium is transferred to the fetus, especially in the last trimester. Why is it important? To improve fetal muscle growth To support fetal immune system To enhance fetal brain development For mineralization of fetal bones and teeth

For mineralization of fetal bones and teeth

Why does the need for sodium increase during pregnancy? To enhance fetal brain development To provide for the expanded blood volume and fetal needs To support maternal muscle function To improve maternal digestion

To provide for the expanded blood volume and fetal needs

Why are adolescent pregnancies associated with higher risk for complications for both the mother and the fetus? Due to increased physical activity during pregnancy Due to adherence to diet and often low in vitamins A, B6, & C, folic acid, calcium, iron, zinc, and magnesium Because adolescents have a stronger immune system Because adolescents have higher energy levels

Due to adherence to diet and often low in vitamins A, B6, & C, folic acid, calcium, iron, zinc, and magnesium

What is important to remember when caring for patients and implementing Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)? Focus solely on clinical guidelines. Prioritize cost-effectiveness over patient preferences. Dependent on patient values, expectations, preferences, and concerns. Rely exclusively on physician recommendations.

Dependent on patient values, expectations, preferences, and concerns.

What does accountability in nursing mean? Avoiding responsibility Relying on team decisions Ability to answer for one's own actions Delegating tasks to others

Ability to answer for one's own actions

What does responsibility in nursing refer to? Relying on team decisions Reliability and dependability of the performance of duties Avoiding responsibility Delegating tasks to others

Reliability and dependability of the performance of duties

What topics are considered continuing competence in nursing? Personal interest courses Optional professional development Non-clinical workshops Is required by the Board of Nursing

Is required by the Board of Nursing

What are regular requirements for your job as a nurse? Optional workshops Regular certifications required for your job Personal development courses Non-clinical seminars

Regular certifications required for your job

What are examples of health restoration in nursing? Rely on surgical interventions only. Incorporate other healthcare professionals, occupational, physical, speech therapy. Focus solely on medication administration. Use alternative medicine exclusively.

Incorporate other healthcare professionals, occupational, physical, speech therapy.

What are the five types of senses in the human body? Sight, hearing, taste, balance, touch Sight, hearing, balance, smell, touch Sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch Sight, hearing, taste, smell, balance

Sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch

Which of the following statements about lymphocytes is correct? They are part of the innate immune system. They do not have memory capabilities. All of the choices are correct. They are not involved in antibody production.

All of the choices are correct.

What are some characteristics of the endocrine system? Slow response, hormone messengers Fast response, electrical signals Immediate action, synaptic transmission Direct contact, neurotransmitters

Slow response, hormone messengers

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