What significant information was learned from the Human Genome Project regarding the coding and non-coding regions of our genome? 50% of our genome codes for proteins; the rest is non-coding All of our genome codes for proteins 2% of our genome codes for proteins; over half has no known purpose None of our genome codes for proteins

2% of our genome codes for proteins; over half has no known purpose

How are restriction enzymes utilized in the process of cutting DNA, particularly in the context of viral infections? They bind to viral proteins They inhibit viral RNA synthesis They replicate viral DNA They cut the DNA of viruses trying to infect them

They cut the DNA of viruses trying to infect them

What is the principle behind gel electrophoresis, which uses an electric current to separate DNA fragments? DNA fragments are dissolved in a solution DNA is amplified using PCR DNA is sequenced using lasers Charged DNA fragments travel through a thick gel

Charged DNA fragments travel through a thick gel

What are STRs, and what role do they play in genetic analysis? Long coding sequences of DNA Short repeating sequences of DNA that are noncoding Enzymes that replicate DNA Proteins that bind to DNA

Short repeating sequences of DNA that are noncoding

Heat moves from _____ to _____. hot to cold higher temperature to lower temperature lower temperature to higher temperature cold to hot

higher temperature to lower temperature

What are the three ways to transfer heat? Conduction, convection, radiation Conduction, convection, diffusion Convection, diffusion, radiation Conduction, diffusion, radiation

Conduction, convection, radiation

Where is glycogen stored and what process breaks it down? Stored in blood; breakdown is glycolysis Stored in pancreas; breakdown is gluconeogenesis Stored in liver and muscle cells; breakdown is glycogenolysis Stored in adipose tissue; breakdown is lipolysis

Stored in liver and muscle cells; breakdown is glycogenolysis

What are macronutrients and their calorie yield per gram? Fats = 4, Carbs = 9, Protein = 4 Fats = 9, Carbs = 9, Protein = 9 Fats = 4, Carbs = 4, Protein = 9 Fats = 9, Carbs = 4, Protein = 4

Fats = 9, Carbs = 4, Protein = 4

What is the definition of cellular respiration? Process of breaking down proteins into amino acids Process by which cells transfer energy from food to create ATP Process of maintaining a stable internal environment Process of converting sunlight into chemical energy

Process by which cells transfer energy from food to create ATP

What are the steps of cellular respiration? Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain, Photosynthesis Glycolysis, Fermentation, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain Photosynthesis, Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Fermentation Glycolysis, Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain

Glycolysis, Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain

Describe the steps of cellular respiration in detail. Glycolysis, Fermentation, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain, Photosynthesis Photosynthesis, Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Fermentation Glycolysis, Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain

Glycolysis, Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain

What is the ATP yield from cellular respiration and what accounts for the difference? 36/38 ATP; difference due to shuttle systems 40/42 ATP; difference due to electron transport chain 32/34 ATP; difference due to glycolysis 28/30 ATP; difference due to Krebs cycle

36/38 ATP; difference due to shuttle systems

What are the primary and secondary lymphoid organs? Primary: tonsils and spleen; Secondary: lymph node, bone marrow Primary: spleen and tonsils; Secondary: bone marrow, thymus Primary: lymph node and spleen; Secondary: bone marrow, thymus Primary: bone marrow and thymus; Secondary: lymph node, spleen, tonsils

Primary: bone marrow and thymus; Secondary: lymph node, spleen, tonsils

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