What are viruses composed of? Protein coat without genetic material Genetic information within a protective protein coat Double-stranded DNA only Single-stranded RNA only

Genetic information within a protective protein coat

Chapter 13

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Biology - Virology

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Cards in this deck(96)

What is a virus that infects bacteria called?

What is an infection where the viral genome is present but not active, so no new viral particles are produced?

What is a bacterium that carries phage DNA integrated into its genome called?

What is the change in one or more properties of a bacterium upon acquiring a prophage?

What is a productive infection that causes the host cell to burst called?

What is an infectious protein that causes a neurodegenerative disease?

What type of viral infection results in the production of more viral particles?

What is an infectious agent of plants that consists only of RNA?

What is a complete virus in its inert non-replicating form outside a host cell called?

What are viruses composed of?

What are some characteristics of viruses?

What does it mean for a virus to straddle the definition of life?

Are viruses considered infectious agents?

Are viruses considered organisms?

What is a virus that infects bacteria called?

What does the term 'phage' mean?

Can viruses be grown in a pure culture?

Can viruses be seen with a light microscope?

How are viruses classified?

How big is the smallest virus?

How big is the largest known virus?

What does a virion consist of?

Virions contain only _____ type of nucleic acid.

Can virions be both RNA and DNA?

What is the genome like for a virus?

What is the protein coat of a virus called?

What is a nucleocapsid?

Are bacteriophages easy or hard to grow in a lab?

Why are bacteriophages important?

What is a capsid composed of?

What do bacteriophages use to attach to a host?

What do animal viruses use to attach to a host?

Viruses that have an outer layer are called?

Viruses that do not have an outer layer are called?

What is an example of an enveloped virus?

How does the extra outer layer benefit an enveloped virus?

Are phages typically enveloped or non-enveloped?

Are non-enveloped viruses more resistant or less resistant to disinfectants?

Why are enveloped viruses more susceptible to soaps, detergents, and disinfectants?

A phage's nucleic acid is so tightly packed inside the capsid that the internal pressure is _____ higher than the pressure in a champagne bottle.

What are the three shapes of a virus?

What is the icosahedral shape?

What is the helical shape?

What is the complex shape of a virus?

What are the two strategies for phage replication?

What is productive infection?

What is the latent state in viral infections?

True or false: Productive infection has viruses that kill their host and others do not.

What are the three types of bacteriophages based on their relationship with the host?

What are lytic phages?

What is another name for a lytic phage?

What is an example of a lytic phage?

What are the 5 steps in the infection cycle for lytic phage infection?

What happens during the attachment step of a lytic phage infection?

What happens during genome entry in a lytic phage infection?

What happens during the synthesis phase of a lytic phage infection?

What happens during the assembly phase of a lytic phage infection?

What happens during the release phase of a lytic phage infection?

Cells that lack a specific receptor are _____ to infection by that phage.

What are receptors in the context of viral infections?

Where is the capsid when the genome enters the host cell?

While the phage protein is being translated, what happens to the host DNA?

During assembly, do components assemble spontaneously?

How are the phage DNA released during a lytic infection?

What is the burst size of T4 phage?

What is burst size in the context of phage infections?

True or false: Phages are the most numerous members of the human virome.

What is a temperate phage?

Do temperate phages necessarily kill their host?

What is an example of temperate phages?

What is the form of the lambda chromosome before being injected into the host cell?

What is the form of the lambda chromosome after injection into the host cell?

What happens once the lambda chromosome is injected into the host cell?

What is the lytic infection?

What is the lysogenic infection?

What happens in lysogenic infection?

What is a prophage?

What is the bacterial cell carrying the prophage called?

How are prophage genes kept silent?

Can a prophage remain latent forever?

What happens when a prophage gets excised?

What is phage induction?

When would you see a lysogenic infection occur rather than a lytic infection?

What are the two consequences of lysogeny?

What is immunity to superinfection?

Why does immunity to superinfection occur?

What is superinfection?

When the prophage binds to the repressor and the operator then _____

What is lysogenic conversion?

What is an example of lysogenic conversion?

If a toxin is encoded exclusively by phage genes then _____

What are filamentous phage infections?

What type of infection do filamentous phages cause?

Infected cells in filamentous phages do not die but they do _____

What is an example of a filamentous phage?

What is extrusion in the context of filamentous phage infections?

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Chapter 13

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