For each of the following items, (1) identify the accounts affected and give the amounts by which they would be increased or decreased; (2) state the amount of any cash flow and whether cash is increased or decreased; and (3) identify how each item would be reported in the statement of cash flows.
a. Inventory costing $300,000 was purchased on account.
b. A new vehicle costing $30,000 was purchased. The company paid $5,000 as a down payment and the remaining $25,000 was financed through a loan.
c. Surplus land was sold for $80,000, which was $20,000 more than its original cost.
d. During the year, the company made a payment of $20,000 on its debt; $2,500 of this amount was for the interest owed on the debt.
e. Research and development expenditures of $45,000 were charged to expense as they were incurred.
f. The company declared and paid dividends of $30,000.