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Business Statistics for Contemporary Decision Making 6th Edition Ken Black - Solutions

In a particular area of the Northeast, an estimated 75% of the homes use heating oil as the principal heating fuel during the winter. A random telephone survey of 150 homes is taken in an attempt to determine whether this figure is correct. Suppose 120 of the 150 homes surveyed use heating oil as
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics released hourly wage figures for various countries for workers in the manufacturing sector. The hourly wage was $30.67 for Switzerland, $20.20 for Japan, and $23.82 for the U.S. Assume that in all three countries, the standard deviation of hourly labor rates is
Give a variable that could be used to stratify the population for each of the following studies. List at least four subcategories for each variable.a. A political party wants to conduct a poll prior to an election for the office of U.S. senator in Minnesota. b. A soft drink company wants to take a
According to Runzheimer International, a typical business traveler spends an average of $281 per day in Chicago. This cost includes hotel, meals, car rental, and incidentals. A survey of 65 randomly selected business travelers who have been to Chicago on business recently is taken. For the
In 1985, a company called In-Process Technology was set up to produce and sell a thermal oxidation process that could be used to reduce industrial pollution. The initial investors acquired the rights to technology developed at the U.S. Department of Energyâ€™s Lawrence Livermore National
Use the following information to construct the confidence intervals specified to estimate µ.a. 95% confidence for ẍ, σ = 3.5, and n = 60b. 98% confidence for ẍ, σ = 23.89, and n = 75c. 90% confidence for ẍ, σ = 0.974, and n = 32d. 80% confidence for ẍ, σ = 12.1, N = 500, and n = 47
For a random sample of 36 items and a sample mean of 211, compute a 95% confidence interval for if the population standard deviation is 23.
A random sample of 81 items is taken, producing a sample mean of 47. The population standard deviation is 5.89. Construct a 90% confidence interval to estimate the population mean.
A random sample of size 70 is taken from a population that has a variance of 49. The sample mean is 90.4. What is the point estimate of µ? Construct a 94% confidence interval for µ.
A random sample of size 39 is taken from a population of 200 members. The sample mean is 66 and the population standard deviation is 11. Construct a 96% confidence interval to estimate the population mean. What is the point estimate of the population mean? Calculate.
A candy company fills a 20-ounce package of Halloween candy with individually wrapped pieces of candy. The number of pieces of candy per package varies because the package is sold by weight. The company wants to estimate the number of pieces per package. Inspectors randomly sample 120 packages of
A small lawnmower company produced 1,500 lawnmowers in 1998. In an effort to determine how maintenance-free these units were, the company decided to conduct a multiyear study of the 1998 lawnmowers. A sample of 200 owners of these lawnmowers was drawn randomly from company records and contacted.
The average total dollar purchase at a convenience store is less than that at a supermarket. Despite smaller-ticket purchases, convenience stores can still be profitable because of the size of operation, volume of business, and the markup.A researcher is interested in estimating the average
A community health association is interested in estimating the average number of maternity days women stay in the local hospital. A random sample is taken of 36 women who had babies in the hospital during the past year. The following numbers of maternity days each woman was in the hospital are
A meat-processing company in the Midwest produces and markets a package of eight small sausage sandwiches. The product is nationally distributed, and the company is interested in knowing the average retail price charged for this item in stores across the country. The company cannot justify a
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the average travel time to work in Philadelphia is 27.4 minutes. Suppose a business researcher wants to estimate the average travel time to work in Cleveland using a 95% level of confidence. A random sample of 45 Cleveland commuters is taken and the travel time
In a recent year, turkey prices increased because of a high rate of turkey deaths caused by a heat wave and a fatal illness that spread across North Carolina, the top turkey-producing state. Suppose a random sample of turkey prices is taken from across the nation in an effort to estimate the
Suppose the following data are selected randomly from a population of normally distributed values.Construct a 95% confidence interval to estimate the populationmean.
Assuming x is normally distributed, use the following information to compute a 90% confidence interval to estimateÂµ.
If a random sample of 41 items produces and ẍ = 128.4 and s = 20.6, what is the 98% confidence interval for µ? Assume x is normally distributed for the population. What is the point estimate?
A random sample of 15 items is taken, producing a sample mean of 2.364 with a sample variance of .81. Assume x is normally distributed and construct a 90% confidence interval for the population mean.
Use the following data to construct a 99% confidence interval for Âµ.Assume x is normally distributed.What is the point estimate forÂµ?
According to Runzheimer International, the average cost of a domestic trip for business travelers in the financial industry is $1,250. Suppose another travel industry research company takes a random sample of 51 business travelers in the financial industry and determines that the sample average
A valve manufacturer produces a butterfly valve composed of two semicircular plates on a common spindle that is used to permit flow in one direction only. The semicircular plates are supplied by a vendor with specifications that the plates be 2.37 millimeters thick and have a tensile strength of
Some fast-food chains offer a lower-priced combination meal in an effort to attract budget-conscious customers. One chain test-marketed a burger fries and a drink combination for $1.71. The weekly sales volume for these meals was impressive. Suppose the chain wants to estimate the average amount
The marketing director of a large department store wants to estimate the average number of customers who enter the store every five minutes. She randomly selects five-minute intervals and counts the number of arrivals at the store. She obtains the figures 58, 32, 41, 47, 56, 80, 45, 29, 32, and 78.
Runzheimer International publishes results of studies on overseas business travel costs. Suppose as a part of one of these studies the following per diem travel accounts (in dollars) are obtained for 14 business travelers staying in Johannesburg, South Africa. Use these data to construct a 98%
How much experience do supply-chain transportation managers have in their field? Suppose in an effort to estimate this, 41 supply-chain transportation managers are surveyed and asked how many years of managerial experience they have in transportation. Survey results (in years) are shown below. Use
Cycle time in manufacturing can be viewed as the total time it takes to complete a product from the beginning of the production process. The concept of cycle time varies according to the industry and product or service being offered. Suppose a boat manufacturing company wants to estimate the mean
Use the information about each of the following samples to compute the confidence interval to estimate p.a. n = 44 and p = .51; compute a 90% confidence interval.b. n = 300 and p = .82; compute a 95% confidence interval.c. n = 1,150 and p = .48; compute a 90% confidence interval.d. n = 95 and p =
Use the following sample information to calculate the confidence interval to estimate the population proportion. Let x be the number of items in the sample having the characteristic of interest.a. n = 116 and x = 57, with 99% confidence.b. n = 800 and x = 479, with 97% confidence.c. n = 240 and x =
Suppose a random sample of 85 items has been taken from a population and 40 of the items contain the characteristic of interest. Use this information to calculate a 90% confidence interval to estimate the proportion of the population that has the characteristic of interest. Calculate a 95%
The Universal Music Group is the music industry leader worldwide in sales according to the company Web site. Suppose a researcher wants to determine what market share the company holds in the city of St. Louis by randomly selecting 1,003 people who purchased a CD last month. In addition, suppose
According to the Stern Marketing Group, 9 out of 10 professional women say that financial planning is more important today than it was five years ago. Where do these women go for help in financial planning? Forty-seven percent use a financial advisor (broker, tax consultant, financial planner).
What proportion of pizza restaurants that are primarily for walk-in business have a salad bar? Suppose that, in an effort to determine this figure, a random sample of 1,250 of these restaurants across the United States based on the Yellow Pages is called. If 997 of the restaurants sampled have a
The highway department wants to estimate the proportion of vehicles on Interstate 25 between the hours of midnight and 5:00 A.M. that are 18-wheel tractor trailers. The estimate will be used to determine highway repair and construction considerations and in highway patrol planning. Suppose
What proportion of commercial airline pilots are more than 40 years of age? Suppose a researcher has access to a list of all pilots who are members of the Commercial Airline Pilots Association. If this list is used as a frame for the study, she can randomly select a sample of pilots, contact them,
According to Runzheimer International, in a survey of relocation administrators 63% of all workers who rejected relocation offers did so for family considerations. Suppose this figure was obtained by using a random sample of the files of 672 workers who had rejected relocation offers. Use this
Suppose a survey of 275 executives is taken in an effort to determine what qualities are most important for an effective CEO to possess. The survey participants are offered several qualities as options, one of which is “communication.” One hundred twenty-one of the surveyed respondents select
For each of the following sample results, construct the requested confidence interval. Assume the data come from normally distributed populations.a. n = 12, ẍ = 28.4, s2 = 44.9; 99% confidence for σ2b. n = 7, ẍ = 4.37, s = 1.24; 95% confidence for σ2c. n = 20, ẍ = 105, s = 32; 90%
Use the following sample data to estimate the population variance. Produce a point estimate and a 98% confidence interval. Assume the data come from a normally distributed population.
The Interstate Conference of Employment Security Agencies says the average workweek in the United States is down to only 35 hours, largely because of a rise in part-time workers. Suppose this figure was obtained from a random sample of 20 workers and that the standard deviation of the sample was
A manufacturing plant produces steel rods. During one production run of 20,000 such rods, the specifications called for rods that were 46 centimeters in length and 3.8 centimeters in width. Fifteen of these rods comprising a random sample were measured for length; the resulting measurements are
Suppose a random sample of 14 people 30–39 years of age produced the household incomes shown here. Use these data to determine a point estimate for the population variance of household incomes for people 30–39 years of age and construct a 95% confidence interval. Assume household income is
Determine the sample size necessary to estimate µ for the following information.a. σ = 36 and E = 5 at 95% confidenceb. σ = 4.13 and E = 1 at 99% confidencec. Values range from 80 to 500, error is to be within 10, and the confidence level is 90%d. Values range from 50 to 108, error is to be
Determine the sample size necessary to estimate p for the following information.a. E = .02, p is approximately .40, and confidence level is 96%.b. E is to be within .04, p is unknown, and confidence level is 95%.c. E is to be within 5%, p is approximately 55%, and confidence level is 90%.d. E is to
A bank officer wants to determine the amount of the average total monthly deposits per customer at the bank. He believes an estimate of this average amount using a confidence interval is sufficient. How large a sample should he take to be within $200 of the actual average with 99% confidence? He
Suppose you have been following a particular airline stock for many years. You are interested in determining the average daily price of this stock in a 10-year period and you have access to the stock reports for these years. However, you do not want to average all the daily prices over 10 years
A group of investors wants to develop a chain of fast-food restaurants. In determining potential costs for each facility, they must consider, among other expenses, the average monthly electric bill. They decide to sample some fast-food restaurants currently operating to estimate the monthly cost of
Suppose a production facility purchases a particular component part in large lots from a supplier. The production manager wants to estimate the proportion of defective parts received from this supplier. She believes the proportion defective is no more than .20 and wants to be within .02 of the true
What proportion of secretaries of Fortune 500 companies has a personal computer at his or her workstation? You want to answer this question by conducting a random survey. How large a sample should you take if you want to be 95% confident of the results and you want the error of the confidence
What proportion of shoppers at a large appliance store actually makes a large-ticket purchase? To estimate this proportion within 10% and be 95% confident of the results, how large a sample should you take? Assume you have no idea what proportion of all shoppers actually make a large-ticket
Use the following data to construct 80%, 94%, and 98% confidence intervals to estimate Âµ. Assume that Ïƒ is 7.75. State the pointestimate.
Construct 90%, 95%, and 99% confidence intervals to estimate µ from the following data. State the point estimate. Assume the data come from a normally distributedpopulation.
Use the following information to compute the confidence interval for the population proportion.a. n = 715 and x = 329, with 95% confidence.b. n = 284 and p = .71, with 90% confidence.c. n = 1250 and p = .48, with 95% confidence.d. n = 457 and x = 270, with 98% confidence.
Use the following data to construct 90% and 95% confidence intervals to estimate the population variance. Assume the data come from a normally distributedpopulation.
Determine the sample size necessary under the following conditions.a. To estimate µ with σ = 44, E = 3, and 95% confidence.b. To estimate µ with a range of values from 20 to 88 with E = 2 and 90% confidence.c. To estimate p with p unknown, E = .04, and 98% confidence.d. To estimate p with E =
In planning both market opportunity and production levels, being able to estimate the size of a market can be important. Suppose a diaper manufacturer wants to know how many diapers a one-month-old baby uses during a 24-hour period. To determine this usage, the manufacturerâ€™s analyst
Suppose you want to estimate the proportion of cars that are sport utility vehicles (SUVs) being driven in Kansas City, Missouri, at rush hour by standing on the corner of I-70 and I-470 and counting SUVs. You believe the figure is no higher than .40. If you want the error of the confidence
Use the data in Problem 8.53 to construct a 99% confidence interval to estimate the population variance for the number of diapers used during a 24-hour period for one-month-olds. How could information about the population variance be used by a manufacturer or marketer in planning?In planning both
What is the average length of a company’s policy book? Suppose policy books are sampled from 45 medium-sized companies. The average number of pages in the sample books is 213, and the population standard deviation of 48. Use this information to construct a 98% confidence interval to estimate the
A random sample of small-business managers was given a leadership style questionnaire. The results were scaled so that each manager received a score for initiative. Suppose the following data are a random sample of thesescores.
A national beauty salon chain wants to estimate the number of times per year a woman has her hair done at a beauty salon if she uses one at least once a year. The chain’s researcher estimates that, of those women who use a beauty salon at least once a year, the standard deviation of number of
Is the environment a major issue with Americans? To answer that question, a researcher conducts a survey of 1,255 randomly selected Americans. Suppose 714 of the sampled people replied that the environment is a major issue with them. Construct a 95% confidence interval to estimate the proportion of
According to a survey by Topaz Enterprises, a travel auditing company, the average error by travel agents is $128. Suppose this figure was obtained from a random sample of 41 travel agents and the sample standard deviation is $21. What is the point estimate of the national average error for all
A national survey on telemarketing was undertaken. One of the questions asked was: How long has your organization had a telemarketing operation? Suppose the following data represent some of the answers received to this question. Suppose further that only 300 telemarketing firms comprised the
An entrepreneur wants to open an appliance service repair shop. She would like to know about what the average home repair bill is, including the charge for the service call for appliance repair in the area. She wants the estimate to be within $20 of the actual figure. She believes the range of such
A national survey of insurance offices was taken, resulting in a random sample of 245 companies. Of these 245 companies, 189 responded that they were going to purchase new software for their offices in the next year. Construct a 90% confidence interval to estimate the population proportion of
A national survey of companies included a question that asked whether the company had at least one bilingual telephone operator. The sample results of 90 companies follow (Y denotes that the company does have at least one bilingual operator; N denotes that it does not).Use this information to
A movie theater has had a poor accounting system. The manager has no idea how many large containers of popcorn are sold per movie showing. She knows that the amounts vary by day of the week and hour of the day. However, she wants to estimate the overall average per movie showing. To do so, she
According to a survey by Runzheimer International, the average cost of a fast-food meal (quarter-pound cheese-burger, large fries, medium soft drink, excluding taxes) in Seattle is $4,82. Suppose this figure was based on a sample of 27 different establishments and the standard deviation was $0.37.
A survey of 77 commercial airline flights of under 2 hours resulted in a sample average late time for a flight of 2.48 minutes. The population standard deviation was 12 minutes. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the average time that a commercial flight of under 2 hours is late. What is the
A regional survey of 560 companies asked the vice president of operations how satisfied he or she was with the software support received from the computer staff of the company. Suppose 33% of the 560 vice presidents said they were satisfied. Construct a 99% confidence interval for the proportion of
A research firm has been asked to determine the proportion of all restaurants in the state of Ohio that serve alcoholic beverages. The firm wants to be 98% confident of its results but has no idea of what the actual proportion is. The firm would like to report an error of no more than .05. How
A national magazine marketing firm attempts to win subscribers with a mail campaign that involves a contest using magazine stickers. Often when people subscribe to magazines in this manner they sign up for multiple magazine subscriptions. Suppose the marketing firm wants to estimate the average
A national survey showed that Hillshire Farm Deli Select cold cuts were priced, on the average, at $5.20 per pound. Suppose a national survey of 23 retail outlets was taken and the price per pound of Hillshire Farm Deli Select cold cuts was ascertained. If the following data represent these prices,
The price of a head of iceberg lettuce varies greatly with the season and the geographic location of a store. During February a researcher contacts a random sample of 39 grocery stores across the United States and asks the produce manager of each to state the current price charged for a head of
A soft drink company produces a cola in a 12-ounce can. Even though their machines are set to fill the cans with 12 ounces, variation due to calibration, operator error, and other things sometimes precludes the cans having the correct fill. To monitor the can fills, a quality team randomly selects
A company has developed a new light bulb that seems to burn longer than most residential bulbs. To determine how long these bulbs burn, the company randomly selects a sample of these bulbs and burns them in the laboratory. The Excel output shown here is a portion of the analysis from this effort.
Suppose a researcher wants to estimate the average age of a person who is a first-time home buyer. A random sample of first-time home buyers is taken and their ages are ascertained. The Minitab output shown here is an analysis of that data. Study the output and explain itsimplication.
What proportion of all American workers drive their cars to work? Suppose a poll of American workers is taken in an effort to answer that question, and the Minitab output shown here is an analysis of the data from the poll. Explain the meaning of the output in light of thequestion.
Frito Company was founded in 1932 in San Antonio, Texas, by Elmer Doolin. H.W. Lay & Company was founded in Atlanta, Georgia, by Herman W. Lay in 1938. In 1961, the two companies merged to form Frito-Lay, Inc., with headquarters in Texas. Frito-Lay produced, distributed, and marketed snack foods
a. Use the data given to test the following hypotheses.H0: µ = 25 Ha: µ ≠ 25x = 28.1, n = 57, σ = 8.46, α = .01b. Use the p-value to reach a statistical conclusion.c. Using the critical value method, what are the critical sample mean values?
Use the data given to test the following hypotheses. Assume the data are normally distributed in the population.H0: µ = 7.48 Ha: µ < 7.48ẍ = 6.91, n = 24, σ = 1.21, α = .01
a. Use the data given to test the following hypotheses.H0: µ = 1200 Ha: µ > 1200ẍ = 1215, n = 113, σ = 100, α = .10b. Use the p-value to obtain the results.c. Solve for the critical value required to reject the mean.
The Environmental Protection Agency releases figures on urban air soot in selected cities in the United States. For the city of St. Louis, the EPA claims that the average number of micrograms of suspended particles per cubic meter of air is 82. Suppose St. Louis officials have been working with
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average weekly earnings of a production worker in 1997 were $424.20. Suppose a labor researcher wants to test to determine whether this figure is still accurate today. The researcher randomly selects 54 production workers from across the United
According to a study several years ago by the Personal Communications Industry Association, the average wireless phone user earns $62,600 per year. Suppose a researcher believes that the average annual earnings of a wireless phone user are lower now, and he sets up a study in an attempt to prove
A manufacturing company produces valves in various sizes and shapes. One particular valve plate is supposed to have a tensile strength of 5 pounds per millimeter (lbs/mm). The company tests a random sample of 42 such valve plates from a lot of 650 valve plates. The sample mean is a tensile strength
According to a report released by CIBC entitled “Women Entrepreneurs: Leading the Charge,” the average age for Canadian businesswomen in 2008 was 41. In the report, there was some indication that researchers believed that this mean age will increase. Suppose now, a couple of years later,
According to HowtoAdvice.com, the average price charged to a customer to have a 12 by 18 wall-to-wall carpet shampoo cleaned is about $50. Suppose that a start-up carpet-cleaning company believes that in the region in which they operate, the average price for this service is higher. To test this
The American Water Works Association estimates that the average person in the United States uses 123 gallons of water per day. Suppose some researchers believe that more water is being used now and want to test to determine whether it is so. They randomly select a sample of Americans and carefully
A random sample of size 20 is taken, resulting in a sample mean of 16.45 and a sample standard deviation of 3.59. Assume x is normally distributed and use this information and α = .05 to test the following hypotheses.H0: µ = 16 Ha: µ ≠ 16
A random sample of 51 items is taken, with ẍ = 58.42 and s2 = 25.68. Use these data to test the following hypotheses, assuming you want to take only a 1% risk of committing a Type I error and that x is normally distributed.H0: µ = 60 Ha: µ < 60
The following data were gathered from a random sample of 11 items.Use these data and a 5% level of significance to test the following hypotheses, assuming that the data come from a normally distributed population.H0: µ = 1160 Ha: µ >1160
The following data (in pounds), which were selected randomly from a normally distributed population of values, represent measurements of a machine part that is supposed to weigh, on average, 8.3 pounds.Use these data and Î± = .01 to test the hypothesis that the parts average 8.3pounds.
A hole-punch machine is set to punch a hole 1.84 centimeters in diameter in a strip of sheet metal in a manufacturing process. The strip of metal is then creased and sent on to the next phase of production, where a metal rod is slipped through the hole. It is important that the hole be punched to
Suppose a study reports that the average price for a gallon of self-serve regular unleaded gasoline is $3.16. You believe that the figure is higher in your area of the country. You decide to test this claim for your part of the United States by randomly calling gasoline stations. Your random survey
Suppose that in past years the average price per square foot for warehouses in the United States has been $32.28. A national real estate investor wants to determine whether that figure has changed now. The investor hires a researcher who randomly samples 49 warehouses that are for sale across the
Major cities around the world compete with each other in an effort to attract new businesses. Some of the criteria that businesses use to judge cities as potential locations for their headquarters might include the labor pool; the environment, including work, governmental, and living; the tax

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