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mathematics
statistics

Elementary Statistics 3rd Canadian Edition Mario F. Triola - Solutions

Canadian Automated Electronics (CAE) did a study of time to complete tasks entailing simulation control for 25 employees. Construct a relative frequency histogram that corresponds to the given frequency table. The data are a summary of the study. What does the histogram suggest about the time taken
List the original numbers in the data set represented by the given stem-and-leaf plots.
List the original numbers in the data set represented by the given stem-and-leaf plots.
The lengths (in inches) of the bears in Data Set 3.
Weights (in pounds) of plastic discarded by 62 households as listed in Data Set 1. Start by rounding the listed weights to the nearest tenth of a pound (or one decimal place). (Use an expanded stem-and-leaf plot with about 11 rows.)
A study was conducted to determine how people get jobs. The table below lists data from 400 randomly selected subjects. Construct a Pareto chart that corresponds to the given data. If someone would like to get a job, what seems to be the most effective approach?
A sample of 20 chocolate chip cookies was taken from a box. The cookies were examined for the number of chocolate chips in each cookie. The numbers recorded wereFind the (a) Mean, (b) Median, (c) Mode, and (d) Midrange for the given sample data.
Refer to the data set in Appendix B, and find the (a) Mean, (b) Median, (c) Mode, and (d) Midrange.Data Set 4: the average annual temperature of all cities listed
Refer to the data set in Appendix B, and find the (a) Mean, (b) Median, (c) Mode, and (d) Midrange. Data Set 3: The weights of the bears
Refer to the data set in Appendix B, and find the (a) Mean, (b) Median, (c) Mode, and (d) Midrange.Data Set 11: The weights of the red M&M plain candies
Visitors to Yellowstone National Park consider an eruption of the Old Faithful geyser to be a major attraction that should not be missed. The given frequency table summarizes a sample of times (in minutes) between eruptions.
Samples of student cars and faculty/staff cars were obtained at the author's college, and their ages (in years) are summarized in the frequency table below. Find the mean age of student cars and find the mean age of faculty/staff cars. Based on the results, are there any noticeable differences
The given frequency table shows the distribution in mega tonnes (Mt) of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel in Canada over the 30-year period from 1965 to 1994. If the level this year is 492 Mt, how does that compare to the average of the 30-year period?
Canadian Automated Electronics (CAE) did a study of time to complete tasks entailing simulation control for 25 employees. The data shown are a summary of the study. What do you conclude from the result?
A student receives quiz grades of 60, 84, and 90. The final exam grade is 88. Find the weighted mean if the quizzes each count for 20% and the final exam counts for 40% of the final grade. ,
A student's transcript shows an A in a 4-credit course, an A in a 3-credit course, a C in a 3-credit course, and a D in a 2-credit course. Grade points are assigned as follows: A = 4, B = 3, C = 2, D = 1, F = 0. If grade points are weighted according to the number of credit hours, find the weighted
a. Find the mean, median, mode, and midrange for the following labour force populations (based on data from Statistics Canada):Halifax: 186,600 Quebec City: 356,800 Oshawa: 148,100Winnipeg: 381,300 Saskatoon: 121,600Victoria: 164,600b. If a constant value k is added to each population, how are
A survey of families in a particular neighbourhood showed the number of children in each household:Find the (a) Mean, (b) Median, (c) Mode, and (d) Midrange for the given sample data.
The harmonic mean is often used as a measure of central tendency for data sets consisting of rates of change, such as speeds. It is found by dividing the number of scores n by the sum of the reciprocals of all scores, expressed as(No score can be zero.) For example, the harmonic mean of 2, 4, and
The geometric mean is often used in business and economics for finding average rates of change, average rates of growth, or average ratios. Given n scores (all of which are positive), the geometric mean is the «th root of their product. For example, the geometric mean of 2, 4, and 10 is found by
The quadratic mean (or root mean square, or R.M.S.) is usually used in physical applications. In power distribution systems, for example, voltages and currents are usually referred to in terms of their R.M.S. values.The quadratic mean of a set of scores is obtained by squaring each score, adding
Frequency tables often have open-ended classes, such as the accompanying table (based on data for Ontario from Statistics Canada), which summarizes annual household incomes for a sample of 5197 families of 3-4 persons. Formula 2-2 cannot be directly applied because we can't determine a class
When data are summarized in a frequency table, the median can be found by first identifying the median class (the class that contains the median). We then assume that the scores in that class are evenly distributed and we can interpolate. This process can be described by (lower limit of median
Because the mean is very sensitive to extreme scores, it can be criticized as not being a resistant measure of central tendency. The trimmed mean is more resistant. To find the 10% trimmed mean for a data set, first arrange the data in order, then delete the bottom 10% of the scores and the top 10%
Using an almanac, a researcher finds the average teacher's salary for each province and territory. He adds those 13 values, then divides by 13 to obtain their mean. Is the result equal to the national average teacher's salary? Why or why not?
Prices of a set of windshield wiper blades vary from store to store. Listed are the prices of blades for a particular make and model of car (in dollars):7.45 5.51 4.96 5.62 6.26 5.10 8.29 6.82 5.34 7.00 5.19Find the (a) Mean, (b) Median, (c) Mode, and (d) Midrange for the given
Based on data from Statistics Canada, the average annual snowfall (in centimeters) for 15 Canadian cities is «359 271 208 290 271 293 387 320 227 131 170 122 195 138 60Find the (a) Mean, (b) Median,(c) Mode, and (d) Midrange for the given sample data.
Find the mean, median, mode, and midrange for each of the two samples, then compare the two sets of results.Masses (in kg) of samples of the contents in cans of regular Coke and diet Coke:Regular: 0.3724 0.3705 0.371 0.3732 0.3719 0.3749Diet:0.3533 0.3526 0.3589 0.3576 0.3565
Masses (in kg) of samples of the contents in cans of regular Coke and regular Pepsi:Coke: 0.3724 0.3705 0.371 0.3732 0.3719 0.3749Pepsi: 0.3754 0.3707 0.3732 0.3714 0.3735 0.3774Does there appear to be a significant difference in the weights of the two different brands?
Maximum breadth of samples of male Egyptian skulls from 4000 BCE and 150 CE (in mm, based on data from Ancient Races of the Thehaid by Thomson and Randall-Maciver):4000 BCE: 131 119 138 125 129 126 131 132 126 128 128 131150 CE: 136 130 126 126 139 141 137 138 133 131 134 129Changes in head
Annual values of Canadian exports to Europe and to the areas designated Far East/Oceania (in millions of dollars) were collected in independent random samples:Far East/Oceania: 19,407 16,889 16,688 15,887 13,262 8288Europe:17,834 15,794 14,686 14,490 13,928 9946
Refer to the data set in Appendix B, and find the (a) Mean, (b) Median, (c) Mode, and (d) Midrange.Data Set 2: 22 body temperatures for supine position
A sample of 20 chocolate chip cookies was taken from a box. The cookies were examined for the number of chocolate chips in each cookie. The numbers recorded were
Data Set 4 in Appendix B: the average annual temperature of all cities listed.Refer to the data set in Appendix B and find the standard deviation.
Data Set 3 in Appendix B: the weights of the bears Refer to the data set in Appendix B and find the standard deviation.
Data Set 11 in Appendix B: the weights of the red M&M plain candies Refer to the data set in Appendix B and find the standard deviation.
Visitors to Yellowstone National Park consider an eruption of the Old Faithful geyser to be a major attraction that should not be missed. The given frequency table summarizes a sample of times (in minutes) between eruptions.Find the standard deviation of the data summarized in the given frequency
Samples of student cars and faculty/staff cars were obtained at the author's college, and their ages (in years) are summarized in the accompanying frequency table. Find the standard deviation in age of student cars and of faculty/staff cars. Based on the results, are there any noticeable
The given frequency table shows the distribution in mega tonnes (Mt) of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel in Canada over the 30-year period from 1965 to 1994.Find the standard deviation of the data summarized in the given frequency table.
The frequency table opposite indicates the weekly earnings of 46 students.Find the standard deviation of the data summarized in the given frequency table.
If you must purchase a replacement battery for your car, would you prefer one that comes from a population with a - 1 month, for time to failure, or one that comes from a population with a = 1 year? (Assume that both populations have the same mean and price.) Explain your choice.
As a manager, you must purchase light bulbs to be used in a hospital. Should you choose halogen bulbs that have lives with /x = 3000 h and a = 200 h, or should you choose compact fluorescent bulbs with /x - 3000 h and a = 250 h? Explain.
A survey of families in a particular neighbourhood showed the number of children in each household:
A data set consists of 20 values that are fairly close together. Another value is included, but this new value is an outlier (very far away from the other values). How is the standard deviation affected by the outlier? No effect? A small effect? A large effect?
A typing-competency test yields scores with x = 80.0 and s = 10.0, and a histogram shows that the distribution of the scores is roughly bell-shaped. Use the empirical rule to answer the following:a. What percentage of the scores should fall between 70 and 90?b. What percentage of the scores should
Heights of adult women have a mean of 63.6 in. and a standard deviation of 2.5 in. What does Chebyshev's theorem say about the percentage of women with heights between 58.6 in. and 68.6 in.? Between 56.1 in. and 71.1 in.?
a. Find the range and standard deviation s for the following labour force populations (based on data from Statistics Canada):Halifax: 186,600 Quebec City: 356,800 Oshawa: 148,100 Winnipeg: 381,300 Saskatoon: 121,600 Victoria: 164,600b. If a constant value k is added to each population,
If we consider the values 1, 2, 3, . . . , n to be a population, the standard deviation can be calculated by the formula.This formula is equivalent to Formula 2-4 modified for division by n instead of n - 1, where the data set consists of the values 1, 2, 3,. . . n. a. Find the standard deviation
Two different sections of a statistics class take the same surprise quiz and the scores are recorded below. Find the range and standard deviation for each section. What do the range values lead you to conclude about the variation in the two sections? Why is the range misleading in this case? What
a. The coefficient of variation, expressed as a percent, is used to describe the standard deviation relative to the mean. It allows us to compare variability of data sets with different measurement units (such as centimeters versus kilograms), and it is calculated as follows:Find the coefficient of
In Section 2-4 we introduced the general concept of skewness. Skewness can be measured by Pearson's index of skewness:If / > 1.00 or /
a. A sample consists of 6 scores that fall between 1 and 9 inclusive. What is the largest possible standard deviation? b. For any data set of n scores with standard deviation s, every score must be within sV« - 1 of the mean. A statistics teacher reports that the test scores in her class of 17
Prices of a set of windshield wiper blades vary from store to store. Listed are the prices of blades for a particular make and model of car (in dollars): 7.45 5.51 4.96 5.62 6.26 5.10 8.29 6.82 5.34 7.00 5.19
Based on data from Statistics Canada, the average annual snowfall (in centimeters) for 15 Canadian cities is 359 271 208 290 271 293 387 320 227 131 170 122 195 138 60
Find the range, variance, and standard deviation for each of the two samples, then compare the two sets of results. Masses (in kg) of samples of the contents in cans of regular Coke and diet Coke: Regular: 0.3724 0.3705 0.371 0.3732 0.3719 0.3749 Diet: 0.3533 0.3526 0.3589
Masses (in kg) of samples of the contents in cans of regular Coke and regular Pepsi: Coke: 0.3724 0.3705 0.371 0.3732 0.3719 0.3749 Pepsi: 0.3754 0.3707 0.3732 0.3714 0.3735 0.3774
Maximum breadth of samples of male Egyptian skulls from 4000 BCE and 150 CE (in mm, based on data from Ancient Races of the Thehaid by Thomson and Randall-Maciver):
The annual values of Canadian exports to Europe and to the areas designated Far East/Oceania (in $millions) were collected in independent random samples: Far East/Oceania: 19,407 16,889 16,688 15,887 13,262 8288 Europe: 17,834 15,794 14,686 14,490 13,928 9946
Data Set 2 in Appendix B: 22 body temperatures for supine position Refer to the data set in Appendix B and find the standard deviation.
The Good stone Tire Company claims that the useful life of its tires is an average of 68,000 km with a standard deviation of 10,000 km. Find the z scores corresponding to the following: a. A tire that lasts 50,000 km b. A tire that lasts 78,000 km c. A tire that lasts 70,000 km
Two similar groups of students took equivalent language facility tests. Which of the following results indicates the higher relative level of language facility? a. A score of 65 on a test for which x = 70 and s = 10 b. A score of 455 on a test for which x = 500 and s = 80
Three prospective employees take equivalent tests of critical thinking. Which of the following scores corresponds to the highest relative position? a. A score of 37 on a test for which x = 28 and s = 6 b. A score of 398 on a test for which x = 312 and s = 56 c. A score of 4.10 on a test for which x
Three students take equivalent tests of a sense of humour and, after the laughter dies down, their scores are calculated. Which is the highest relative score? a. A score of 2.7 on a test for which x = 3.2 and s = 1.1 b. A score of 27 on a test for which x = 35 and s - 12 c. A score of 850 on a test
Use the 175 ranked axial loads of aluminum cans. Find the percentile corresponding to the given value. 254
Use the 175 ranked axial loads of aluminum cans. Find the percentile corresponding to the given value. 265
Use the 175 ranked axial loads of aluminum cans. Find the percentile corresponding to the given value. 277
Use the 175 ranked axial loads of aluminum cans. Find the percentile corresponding to the given value. 288
Use the 175 ranked axial loads of aluminum cans. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile. P70
Use the 175 ranked axial loads of aluminum cans. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile. P20
Use the 175 ranked axial loads of aluminum cans. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile. D6
Student cars at the author's college have ages with a mean of 7.90 years and a standard deviation of 3.67 years. Find the z scores for cars with the given ages: a. A 12-year-old Corvette b. A 2-year-old Ferrari c. A brand-new Porsche
Use the 175 ranked axial loads of aluminum. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile. D3
Use the 175 ranked axial loads of aluminum cans listed. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile. Q3
Use the 175 ranked axial loads of aluminum. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile. Q,
Use the 175 ranked axial loads of aluminum cans. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile. D,
Use the 175 ranked axial loads of aluminum cans. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile. P,
Use the annual values for person-days lost in the truck-based transportation industry due to work stoppages. Find the percentile corresponding to the given number of person-days lost.1000
Use the annual values for person-days lost in the truck-based transportation industry due to work stoppages. Find the percentile corresponding to the given number of person-days lost.54,000
Use the annual values for person-days lost in the truck-based transportation industry due to work stoppages. Find the percentile corresponding to the given number of person-days lost.12,000
Use the annual values for person-days lost in the truck-based transportation industry due to work stoppages. Find the percentile corresponding to the given number of person-days lost.40,000
Use the annual values for person-days lost in the truck-based transportation industry due to work stoppages. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile.P85
A large airline found that, on average, each passenger's luggage weighed 50.6 kg with a standard deviation of 8.8 kg. Find the z score for a passenger whose luggage weighed 75 kg.
Use the annual values for person-days lost in the truck-based transportation industry due to work stoppages. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile.P"
Use the annual values for person-days lost in the truck-based transportation industry due to work stoppages. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile.Q,
Use the annual values for person-days lost in the truck-based transportation industry due to work stoppages. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile.Q3
Use the annual values for person-days lost in the truck-based transportation industry due to work stoppages. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile.D9
Use the annual values for person-days lost in the truck-based transportation industry due to work stoppages. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile.D,
Use the annual values for person-days lost in the truck-based transportation industry due to work stoppages. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile.P5()
Use the annual values for person-days lost in the truck-based transportation industry due to work stoppages. Find the indicated percentile, quartile, or decile. P95
Use the ranked axial loads of aluminum cans listed in Table 2-9.a. Find the interquartile range.b. Find the midquartile.c. Find the 10-90 percentile range.d. Does P5Q = Q2? If so, does P50 always equal Q2?e. Does Q2 = (Q, + Q3)/2? If so, does Q2 a toys equal (Q, + Q3)/2?
When finding percentiles, if the locator L is not a whole number, we round it up to the next larger whole number. An alternative to this procedure is to interpolate so that a locator of 23.75 leads to a value that is 0.75 (or 3/4) of the way between the 23rd and 24th scores. Use this method of
Distribution of z Scores: a. A data set has a distribution that is uniform. If all of the values are converted to z scores, what is the shape of the distribution of the z scores? b. A data set (whose units are cm) has a distribution that is bell-shaped. If all the values are converted to z scores,
The mean score on a statistics test was 70 and the standard deviation was 5.5. Find the z score for students scoring 80 or better on the test.
Using the scores 2, 5, 8, 9, and 16, first find x and s, then replace each score by its corresponding z score. (Don't round the z scores; carry as many decimal places as your calculator can handle.) Now find the mean and standard deviation of the five z scores. Will these new values of the mean and
The Beanstalk Club is limited to women and men who are very tall. The minimum height requirement for women is 70 in. Women's heights have a mean of 63.6 in. and a standard deviation of 2.5 in. Find the z score corresponding to a woman with a height of 70 in. and determine whether that height is
According to Statistics Canada, the monthly earnings of workers in the mining industry was $3840, with a standard deviation of $240. A mine worker claims to earn $4325 each month. Find the z score corresponding to this worker's wage. Is the amount unusual? Express all z scores with two decimal
One of the few working vending machines is located and is found to accept quarters with weights that are not unusual. Weights of quarters have a mean of 5.67 g and a standard deviation of 0.070 g. Find the z score for a quarter weighing 5.50 g. Will it be accepted by this vending machine? Express
For men aged between 18 and 24 years, serum cholesterol levels (in mg/100 mL) have a mean of 178.1 and a standard deviation of 40.7. Find the z score corresponding to a male, aged 18-24 years, who has a serum cholesterol level of 275.2 mg/100 ml.. Is this level unusually high?
Which of the following two scores has the better relative position?a. A score of 60 on a test for which x = 50 and s = 5b. A score of 250 on a test for which x = 200 and s = 20
Refer to Data Set 4 in Appendix B and construct a box plot for the average annual temperatures of the cities listed.

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