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Questions and Answers of Statistics

Apply Tukey’s method to determine which brands differ in Exercise 14.5.
a. Employ Fisher’s LSD method to determine which degrees differ (use α = .10).b. Repeat Part a using the Bonferroni adjustment.
a. Apply Fisher’s LSD method with the Bonferroni adjustment to determine which schools differ in Exercise 14.9.b. Repeat Part a applying Tukey’s method instead.
a. Apply Tukey’s multiple comparison method to determine which forms differ in Exercise 14.10.b. Repeat Part a applying the Bonferroni adjustment.
Police cars, ambulances, and other emergency vehicles are required to carry road flares. One of the most important features of flares is their burning times. To help decide which of four brands on
Refer to Exercise 14.12.a. Apply Fisher’s LSD method with the Bonferroni adjustment to determine which lacquers differ.b. Repeat Part a applying Tukey’s method instead.
An engineering student who is about to graduate decided to survey various firms in Silicon Valley to see which offered the best chance for early promotion and career advancement. He surveyed 30 small
a. Apply Tukey’s multiple comparison method to determine which fertilizers differ in Exercise 14.14.b. Repeat Part a applying the Bonferroni adjustment.
Refer to Exercise 14.23. Apply Tukey’s multiple comparison method to determine whether there are differences in education (EDUC) between each pair of political groups.
Refer to Exercise 14.24. Suppose that all you want to know is whether there are statistically significant differences in income (INCOME) between Democrats and Independents and between Republicans and
Refer to Exercise 14.25. Apply the Bonferroni adjustment method to determine whether each pair of political preferences differs in the number of hours worked per week (HRS1).
Refer to Exercise 14.26. Use Tukey’s multiple comparison method to test each pair of differences with respect to the amount of television watched.
Refer to Exercise 14.27. Use Tukey’s multiple comparison method to determine which pairs of political views differ in the amount of education (EDUC).
Refer to Exercise 14.28. Suppose that you wish to determine whether moderates and conservatives differ in the amount of television watched (TVHOURS). Which multiple comparison method should you
Refer to Exercise 14.29. If you wanted to determine whether moderates and conservatives differ in the number of hours worked per week (HRS1), which multiple comparison method would you select? What
Refer to Exercise 14.30. Use the Bonferroni adjustment multiple comparison method to determine whether differences in the number of children (CHILDS) exist between the three pairs of political views.
Refer to Exercise 14.31. Apply Tukey’s multiple comparison method to test for differences in age (AGE) for each pair of political views.
Refer to Exercise 14.32. Use Tukey’s multiple comparison method to test each pair of degree categories (DEGREE) with respect to income (INCOME).
Apply Tukey’s multiple comparison method to test which of the following pairs of races differ in the amount of television watched (TVHOUR). White & Black, White & Other, and Black & Other.
Refer to Exercise 14.34. Use an appropriate statistical technique to determine which years differ with respect to the amount of education (EDUC).
Refer to Exercise 14.37. Apply Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Method to determine which positions on the Liberal-Conservative spectrum (LIBCON) differ with respect to income (INCOME).
Refer to Exercise 14.38. Use a multiple comparison method to determine which of the three parties (PARTY3) differ with respect to education (EDUC).
Refer to Exercise 14.41. Use Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Method to find which categories of marital status (MARITAL) differ with respect to education (EDUC).
Refer to Exercise 14.42. Use an appropriate multiple comparison method to determine which of the three parties (PARTY3) differ with respect to intention to vote (DEFINITE).
The following statistics were generated from a randomized block experiment with k = 3 and b = 7: SST = 100 SSB = 50 SSE = 25a. Test to determine whether the treatment means differ. (Use α = .05.)b.
A randomized block experiment produced the following statistics:k = 5 b = 12 SST = 1,500 SSB = 1,000 SS(Total) = 3,500a. Test to determine whether the treatment means differ. (Use α = .01.)b. Test
Suppose the following statistics were calculated from data gathered from a randomized block experiment with k = 4 and b = 10: SS(Total) = 1,210 SST = 275 SSB = 625a. Can we conclude from these
A randomized block experiment produced the following statistics. k = 3 b = 8 SST = 1,500 SS(Total) = 3,500a. Test at the 5% significance level to determine whether the treatment means differ given
a. Assuming that the data shown here were generated from a randomized block experiment calculate SS(Total), SST, SSB, and SSE.b. Assuming that the data below were generated from a one-way
a. Calculate SS(Total), SST, SSB, and SSE, assuming that the accompanying data were generated from a randomized block experiment.b. Calculate SS(Total), SST, and SSE, assuming that the data below
As an experiment to understand measurement error, a statistics professor asks four students to measure the height of the professor, a male student, and a female student. The differences (in
How well do diets work? In a preliminary study, 20 people who were more than 50 pounds overweight were recruited to compare four diets. The people were matched by age. The oldest four became block 1,
In recent years, lack of confidence in the Postal Service has led many companies to send all of their correspondence by private courier. A large company is in the process of selecting one of three
Refer to Exercise 14.14. Despite failing to show that differences in the three types of fertilizer exist, the scientist continued to believe that there were differences, and that the differences were
A recruiter for a computer company would like to determine whether there are differences in sales ability between business, arts, and science graduates. She takes a random sample of 20 business
Exercise 14.10 described an experiment that involved comparing the completion times associated with four different income tax forms. Suppose the experiment is redone in the following way. Thirty
The advertising revenues commanded by a radio station depend on the number of listeners it has. The manager of a station that plays mostly hard rock music wants to learn more about its
Do medical specialists differ in the amount of time they devote to patient care? To answer this question a statistics practitioner organized a study. The numbers of hours of patient care per week
Refer to Exercise 14.9. Another study was conducted in the following way. Students from each of the high schools who were admitted to the business program were matched according to their high school
Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that there are differences in the years of education between American adults and their fathers and mothers (EDUC, PAEDUC, MAEDUC)?
Repeat Exercise 14.84 for the 2010 General Social Survey.
Is there sufficient evidence to infer that there are differences between the number of days Americans watch national news on television (DAYS1), watch local television news in the afternoon or early
Repeat Exercise 14.66 for 2004.
A two-factor analysis of variance experiment was performed with a = 3, b = 4, and r = 20. The following sums of squares were computed:SS(Total) = 42,450 SS(A) = 1,560SS(B) = 2,880 SS(AB) =
A statistics practitioner conducted a two-factor analysis of variance experiment with a = 4, b = 3, and r = 8. The sums of squares are listed here:SS(Total) = 9420 SS(A) = 203 SS(B) = 859SS(AB) =
The following data were generated from a 2 × 2 factorial experiment with 3 replicates:a. Test at the 5% significance level to determine whether factors A and B interact.b.
The data shown here were taken from a 2 × 3 factorial experiment with 4 replicates:a. Test at the 5% significance level to determine whether factors A and B interact.b.
Refer to Example 14.4. We’ve revised the data by adding 2 to each of the numbers of the men. What do these data tell you?
Refer to Example 14.4. We’ve altered the data by subtracting 4 from the numbers of treatment 8. What do these data tell you?
Refer to Exercise 14.10. Suppose that the experiment is redone in the following way. Thirty taxpayers fill out each of the four forms. However, 10 taxpayers in each group are in the lowest income
Detergent manufacturers frequently make claims about the effectiveness of their products. A consumer-protection service decided to test the five best selling brands of detergent, where each
Headaches are one of the most common, but least understood, ailments. Most people get headaches several times per month; over-the-counter medication is usually sufficient to eliminate their pain.
Most college instructors prefer to have their students participate actively in class. Ideally, students will ask their professor questions and answer their professorâ€™s questions, making the
The headrests on a car’s front seats are designed to protect the driver and front-seat passenger from whiplash when the car is hit from behind. The frame of the headrest is made from metal rods. A
A paint manufacturer is attempting to improve the process that fills the 1-gallon containers. The foreperson has suggested that the nozzle can be made from several different alloys. Furthermore, the
The marketing department of a firm that manufactures office furniture has ascertained that there is a growing market for a specialized desk that houses the various parts of a computer system. The
Each year billions of dollars are lost because of worker injuries on the job. Costs can be decreased if injured workers can be rehabilitated quickly. As part of an analysis of the amount of time
To help high school students pick a major, a company called PayScale surveys graduates of a variety of programs. In one such survey, graduates of the following degree programs were asked what their
The possible imposition of a residential property tax has been a sensitive political issue in a large city that consists of five boroughs. Currently, property tax is based on an assessment system
The editor of the student newspaper was in the process of making some major changes in the newspaper’s layout. He was also contemplating changing the typeface of the print used. To help himself
In marketing children’s products, it is extremely important to produce television commercials that hold the attention of the children who view them. A psychologist hired by a marketing research
On reconsidering the experiment in Exercise 14.105, the psychologist decides that the age of the child may influence the attention span.Consequently, the experiment is redone in the following way.
It is important for salespeople to be knowledgeable about how people shop for certain products. Suppose that a new car salesman believes that the age and gender of a car shopper affect the way he or
Many of you reading this page probably learned how to read using the whole-language method. This strategy maintains that the natural and effective way is to be exposed to whole words in context.
Are babies who are exposed to music before their birth smarter than those who are not? And, if so, what kind of music is best? Researchers at the University of Wisconsin conducted an experiment with
Increasing tuition has resulted in some students being saddled with large debts on graduation. To examine this issue, a random sample of recent graduates was asked to report whether they had student
Studies indicate that single male investors tend to take the most risk, whereas married female investors tend to be conservative. This raises the question, which does best? The risk-adjusted returns
Virtually all restaurants attempt to have three “seatings” on weekend nights. Three seatings means that each table gets three different sets of customers. Obviously, any group that lingers over
When the stock market has a large 1-day decline, does it bounce back the next day or does the bad news endure? To answer this question, an economist examined a random sample of daily changes to the
Stock market investors are always seeking the “Holy Grail,” a sign that tells them the market has bottomed out or achieved its highest level. There are several indicators. One is the buy signal
Millions of North Americans spend up to several hours a day commuting to and from work.Other than the wasted time are there other negative effects associated with fighting traffic? A study by
A random sample of 500 teenagers were grouped in the following way: ages 13–14, 15–17, and 18–19. Each teenager was asked to record the number of Facebook friends each had. Is there sufficient
This experiment consisted of graduates students given either a medium-sized 17-ounce bowls or large-sized 34-ounce bowls. Each student was invited to take as much of four different flavors of ice
Hershey’s Kisses Experiment Deskbound secretaries were employed in this experiment. Clear-lidded candy dished filled with 30 Hershey’s Kisses were placed in three different locations. The first
A random sample of 175 people who had lunch at a company cafeteria were offered a brownie. Some were handed the brownie on a fine piece of china, others were given the brownie on a paper plate, and
In Exercise 12.138 marketing managers for the JC Penney department store chain segmented the market for women’s apparel on the basis of personal and family values. The segments are Conservative,
Exercise 13.21 addressed the problem of determining whether the distances young (under 25) males and females drive annually differ. Included in the data is also the number of accidents that each
The objective in Exercise 13.161 was to determine whether various market segments were more likely to use the QuickLube service. Included with the data is also the age (in months) of the car. Do the
A cute otitis media, an infection of the middle ear, is a common childhood illness. There are various ways to treat the problem. To help determine the best way, researchers conducted an experiment.
Sales of a product may depend on its placement in a store. Candy manufacturers frequently offer discounts to retailers who display their products more prominently than competing brands. To examine
Advertising is critical in the residential real estate industry. Agents are always seeking ways to increase sales through improved advertising methods. A particular agent believes that he can
A professor of statistics hands back his graded midterms in class by calling out the name of each student and personally handing the exam over to its owner. At the end of the process, he notes that
A study was undertaken to determine whether a drug commonly used to treat epilepsy could help alcoholics to overcome their addiction. The researchers took a sample of 103 hardcore alcoholics.
Health-care costs in the United States and Canada are concerns for citizens and politicians. The question is, how can we devise a system wherein people’s medical bills are covered but individuals
Discrimination in hiring has been illegal for many years. It is illegal to discriminate against any person on the basis of race, gender, or religion. It is also illegal to discriminate because of a
Most automobile repair shops now charge according to a schedule that is claimed to be based on average times. This means that instead of determining the actual time to make a repair and multiplying
Automobile insurance appraisers examine cars that have been involved in accidental collisions and estimate the cost of repairs. An insurance executive claims that there are significant differences in
The widespread use of salt on roads in Canada and the northern United States during the winter and acid precipitation throughout the year combine to cause rust on cars. Car manufacturers and other
One of the ways in which advertisers measure the value of television commercials is by telephone surveys conducted shortly after commercials are aired. Respondents who watched a certain television
In the door-to-door selling of vacuum cleaners, various factors influence sales. The Birk Vacuum Cleaner Company considers its sales pitch and overall package to be extremely important. As a result,
The cost of workplace injuries is high for the individual worker, for the company, and for society. It is in everyone’s interest to rehabilitate the injured worker as quickly as possible. A
Does driving an ABS-equipped car change the behavior of drivers? To help answer this question, the following experiment was undertaken. A random sample of 200 drivers who currently operate cars
We expect the demand for a product depends on its price: The higher the price, the lower the demand. However, this may not be entirely true. In an experiment conducted by professors at Northwestern
Researchers at the University of Washington conducted an experiment to determine whether the herbal remedy Echinacea is effective in treating children’s colds and other respiratory infection
The marketing manager of a large ski resort wants to advertise that his ski resort has the shortest lift lines of any resort in the area. To avoid the possibility of a false advertising liability
A popularly held belief about university professors is that they don’t work very hard and that the higher their rank, the less work they do. A statistics student decided to determine whether the
Billions of dollars are spent annually by Americans for the care and feeding of pets. A survey conducted by the American Veterinary Medical Association drew a random sample of 1,328 American
Consider a multinomial experiment involving n = 300 trials and k = 5 cells. The observed frequencies resulting from the experiment are shown in the accompanying table, and the null hypothesis to be
Repeat Exercise with the followingfrequencies:
Repeat Exercise 15.1 with the followingfrequencies:

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