Question: Show in two dimensions that the mean normal stress m = (xx +yy)/2 is invariant under a rotation of the reference axes and is equal

Show in two dimensions that the mean normal stress σm = (σxx +σyy)/2 is invariant under a rotation of the reference axes and is equal to one-half the sum of the major and minor principal stresses in the considered plane. In the context of this problem, invariant means independent of the magnitude of the rotation angle.

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