One method of reducing the maximum temperature in an engine is to run with a rich mixture. A spark-ignition engine with a compression ratio of 10:1, operating on the Otto cycle, runs on a rich mixture of octane \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{8} \mathrm{H}_{18}\right)\) and air, with an equivalence ratio of 1.2. The trapped conditions are 1 bar and \(300 \mathrm{~K}\), and the index of compression is 1.4. Calculate how much lower the maximum temperature is under this condition than when the engine was operated stoichiometrically. What are the major disadvantages of operating in this mode?

\(\left[208^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right.\) ]