Let R be a ring without identity and with no zero divisors. Let S be the ring

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Let R be a ring without identity and with no zero divisors. Let S be the ring whose additive group is R X Z as in the proof of Theorem 1.10. Let A= {(r,n) ϵ S|rx+nx = O for every x ϵ R}.

(a) A is an ideal in S.

(b) S/ A has an identity and contains a subring isomorphic to R.

(c) S/ A has no zero divisors.

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