Social Statistics For A Diverse Society 8th Edition Chava Frankfort Nachmias, Anna Y. Leon Guerrero - Solutions

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We further explore the relationship between respondent’s education and mother’s education, computing regression models separately for males and females.1. Calculate the regression equation for each.2. What is the predicted value of respondent’s education when mother’s education is 20
We present data from the 2014 International Social Survey Programme for five European countries. The average number of completed years of education, standard deviations, and sample size are reported in the table. Assuming that each data are normally distributed, for each country, calculate the
In this exercise, we examine the percentage of 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students who reported smoking cigarettes daily in the past 30 days as reported by the Monitoring the Future survey. Data are reported in this time-series graph from 1980 to 2014. Describe the smoking trends for each group of
Elizabeth Greico and her colleagues (2012) analyzed U.S. Census data on foreign-born individuals by country of origin and age for 2010. The data are presented in the table with row percentages totaling 100% (approximately).1. Describe the relationship between immigrant age and country of origin.2.
GSS 2014 respondents were asked, “Some people say the following things are important for being truly American. Others say they are not important. How important do you think each of the following is—to be a Christian?” Responses were measured on a 4-point scale: very important, fairly
GSS 2014 respondents were asked to rate their agreement to the statement, “Immigrants were good for America”. Results are provided in the table below for the percentage in each category by political party. Do these data support the statement that people’s views on immigration are related to
Determine the level of measurement for each of the following variables:1. The number of people in your statistics class2. The percentage of students who are first-generation college students at your school3. The name of each academic major offered in your college4. The rating of the overall quality
Use this GSS 2014 data to determine whether labor force participation varies by sex. Not all labor categories are shown; some categories are collapsed. Calculate the appropriate measures of central tendency for males and females. Describe their labor force participation rate. Are they similar or
The following GSS 2014 frequency distribution presents information about people’s self-evaluations of their lives, based on three categories: (1) exciting, (2) routine, and (3) dull.1. Find the mode.2. Find the median.3. Interpret the mode and the median.4. Why would you not want to report the
SPSS output from the GSS 2014 is presented here, reporting respondents’ ideal number of children.1. Which category contains the 90th percentile?2. What is the median?3. What is the mean? Calculate based only on the valid responses.4. Given your findings, is the distribution symmetrical,
Monitoring the Future is a longitudinal study of the behaviors and attitudes of American secondary school students. Data from the 2014 survey are presented, measuring the frequency of eating breakfast (an indicator of a healthy lifestyle) by student race. The table features a different format,
Why do you think men and women, on average, do not earn the same amount of money? Develop your own theory to explain the difference. Use three independent variables in your theory, with annual income as your dependent variable. Construct hypotheses to link each independent variable with your
Individuals with higher levels of education tend to delay parenting, having children at an older age in comparison with individuals with lower levels of education. We examine this relationship based on GSS 2014 data. In the following table, the mean, standard deviation, and variance for
Adela García-Aracil (2007) identified how several factors affected the earnings of young European higher education graduates. Based on data from several EU (European Union) countries, her statistical models included the following variables: annual income (actual dollars), gender (male or female),
The following table reports infant mortality rates for selected countries based on estimates reported in the Central Intelligence Agency’s 2016 World Factbook. Infant morality rates have been associated with the quality of prenatal care and the overall quality of health care provided within a
Based on the Monitoring the Future 2014 survey, we investigate the type of paid work for 8th and 10th graders. Percentages for each category are reported.1. What is the appropriate measure of variability for these variables? Why?2. Calculate the appropriate measure of variability for each
We examine education (measured in years), age (measured in years), and frequency of religious services (measured on an ordinal scale: 0 = never, 4 = once a month to 8 = more than once a week) for males and females who voted for Barack Obama and John McCain in the 2008 Presidential election. Using
We report the average years of education for a subsample of GSS 2014 respondents by their social class— lower, working, middle, and upper. Standard deviations are also reported for each class.1. Assuming that years of education is normally distributed in the population, what proportion of
During the 2016 Democratic Presidential primaries, Secretary Hillary Clinton and Senator Bernie Sanders were criticized for defining the American middle class as any household that makes $250,000 or less a year. At the time, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that the median income was $53,657 and the
As reported in Table 5.1, the mean SAT reading score was 485 with a standard deviation of 110 in 2014–2015.1. What percentage of students scored above 625?2. What percentage of students scored between 400 and 625?3. A college decides to liberalize its admission policy. As a first step, the
We’ll examine the results of the 2014–2015 SAT math exam with a mean of 501 and standard deviation of 117, as reported in Table 5.1.1. What percentage of seniors scored lower than 300 on the math SAT?2. What percentage scored between 600 and 700 points?3. Your score is 725. What is your
The following table presents the number of parolees (per 100,000 people) for 12 of the most populous states as of July 2015.1. Assume that σ = 226.83 for the entire population of 50 states. Calculate and interpret the standard error. (Consider the formula for the standard error. Since we provided
We discovered that 1,001 GSS 2014 respondents watched television for an average of 2.94 hours per day, with a standard deviation of 2.60 hours. Answer the following questions assuming the distribution of the number of television hours is normal.1. What is the Z score for a person who watches more
Education data (measured in years) from the ISSP 2014 are presented below for four countries. Calculate the 90% confidence interval for each country. Country Mean Standard Deviation N France 14.12 5.73 975 Japan 12.48 2.53 528 Croatia 12.18 2.71 480 Turkey 9.15 11.98 783
The standardized IQ test is described as a normal distribution with 100 as the mean score and a 15-point standard deviation.1. What is the Z score for a score of 150?2. What percentage of scores are above 150?3. What percentage of scores fall between 85 and 150?4. Explain what is meant by scoring
An upper-level sociology class has 120 registered students: 34 seniors, 57 juniors, 22 sophomores, and 7 freshmen.1. Imagine that you choose one random student from the classroom (perhaps by using a random number table). What is the probability that the student will be a junior?2. What is the
In 2016, the Pew Research Center conducted a survey of 1,004 Canadians and 1,003 Americans to assess their opinion of climate change. The data show that 51% of Canadians and 45% of Americans believe climate change is a very serious problem.1. Estimate the proportion of all Canadians who believe
Though 70% of women with children younger than 18 years participate in the labor force, society still upholds the stay-at-home mother as the traditional model. Some believe that employment distracts mothers from their parenting role, affecting the well-being of children.1. In the GSS 2014,
Research indicates that charitable giving is more common among older adults, though increased giving by Millennials is part of a growing trend. We examine charitable giving (measured in dollars) for two age groups: (1) 30–39 years and (2) 50–59 years of age, based on data from the GSS2014.
According to a 2014 survey by the Pew Research Center, 18% of registered Republicans and 15% of registered Democrats follow political candidates on social media. These data are based on a national survey of 446 registered Republicans and 522 registered Democrats. What is the 95% confidence interval
In 2014, GSS respondents (N = 950) were asked whether homosexual relations were wrong. The data show that 40% believed that homosexual relations were always wrong, while 49% believed that homosexual relations were not wrong at all.1. For each reported percentage, calculate the 95% confidence
GSS 2014 respondents were asked, “Some people say the following things are important for being truly American. Others say they are not important. How important do you think each of the following is—to be a Christian?” Responses were measured on a 4-point scale: 1 = very important, 2 = fairly
Based on the 2014 MTF survey, we compare social network media usage (measured by an ordinal scale: 1 = none, 2 = less than an hour, 3 = 1–2 hours, 4 = 3–5 hours, 5 = 6–9 hours, 6 = 10–19 hours, 7 = 20–29 hours, 8 = 30–39 hours, and 9 = 40+ hours) between males and females. (Recall that
We present data for 20 men and women. In addition to measuring respondent’s sex (M = male, F = female), we also measured their home ownership status (O = own, R = rent), and fear of walking alone at night (Y = yes, N = no).1. Construct a bivariate table of frequencies for sex and fear of walking
The elderly are characterized as being more politically engaged than younger individuals. We will test this relationship by examining the relationship between RAGE (age categories) and CNTCTGOV (how often have you contacted a politician or civil servant) based on GSS 2014 data.1. Which is the
One of your classmates argues that attitudes about homosexuality influence political views. The classmate hypothesizes that those who believe homosexual relations are wrong tend to be more conservative compared with those who do not think that homosexual relations are wrong. Use these GSS 2014 data
Daniel Rocke and his colleagues (2014) assessed support of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act among a sample of 647 otolaryngology (ear, nose, and throat) physicians. They divided physicians by political party affiliation—Democrat, Other, and Republican (refer to the following table).
Amy Stauffer and her colleagues (2006) examined the interactive effects of victim race and gender on capital murder death sentence outcomes in North Carolina. Their analysis is based on sentences rendered from 1979 to 2002. Demographic statistics are presented in the following table. Row
GSS 2014 respondents were asked to rate their level of agreement to the statement, “Scientific research is necessary and should be supported by the federal government” (ADVFRONT). Responses are crosstabulated by educational attainment (DEGREE).1. What percentage of those with a graduate degree
Income inequality in the United States is a complex matter, and people have diverse and conflicting ideas on how to best address it. For this exercise, we present GSS 2014 SPSS analysis of political party identification and the variable HELPPOOR, which measures support of the statement whether the
Data from the ISSP 2014 are presented below for 975 French respondents, cross-tabulating highest completed educational level (DEGREE) with religious service attendance (ATTEND). Notice the international categories for degree. Test the null hypothesis that the variables are not related. Set alpha at
We test the same relationship between DEGREE and ATTEND, this time with the GSS 2014 sample of 914 men and women. Test the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between the two variables. Set alpha at .05. attend HOW OFTEN R ATTENDS RELIGIOUS SERVICES degree RS HIGHEST DEGREE
The GSS 2014 included a question on the importance of providing health care for everyone (HLTHALL). HLTHALL is an ordinal measure: 1 = not important at all to 7 = very important. We present HLTHALL with two independent variables—social class (CLASS) and 2012 presidential candidate support
We take another look at the frequency of political discussions (DISCPOL), first presented in Table 10.11 (based on GSS 2014). DISCPOL is presented with two independent variables—(1) respondent sex and (2) age (measured in categories as reported in corresponding tables). Interpret each measure of
Paul Mazerolle, Alex Piquero, and Robert Brame (2010) examined whether violent onset offenders have distinct career dimensions from offenders whose initial offending involves nonviolence. In this table, the researchers investigate the relationship between gender, race, and age, and nonviolent
For a random sample of 32 GSS cases, health is measured according to a 4-point scale: 1 = excellent, 2 = good, 3 = fair, and 4 = poor. Four social classes are reported here: 1 = lower, 2 = working, 3 = middle, and 4 = upper. Present the five-step model for these data, using alpha = .05. Lower
We selected a sample of 30 International Social Science Programme respondents, noting their educational status (no degree, secondary degree, and university degree) and their level of church attendance (0 = never, 1 = infrequently, and 2 = two to three times per month or more). Is there a
The GSS 2014 asked respondents to identify what was important for “truly being American.” When asked “How important to have American ancestry?”, answers were measured on a 4-point scale: 1 = very important, 2 = fairly important, 3 = not very important, and 4 = not important at all. We
The GSS 2014 included a series of questions about what it takes to be a good citizen. Respondents were asked to be a good citizen how important was it “to help people in America who are worse off than yourself” (HELPUSA) and “to help people in the rest of the world who are worse off than
We examine the relationship between satisfaction with one’s finances and agreement to the statement, “Immigrants take jobs away from people born in America” as measured in the GSS 2014. Responses to the immigrant statement (IMMJOBS) are measured on an ordinal scale: 1 = strongly agree, 2 =
Concerns over climate change, pollution, and a growing population has led to the formation of social action groups focused on environmental policies nationally and around the globe. A large number of these groups are funded through donor support. Based on the following eight countries, examine the
Using GSS 2014 data, we take another look at BUYPOL, buying products for political, ethical, and environmental reasons. Earlier in this chapter, we examined the relationship with political party identification and BUYPOL, finding no significant relationship between the variables. Here we identify
We test the hypothesis that as an individual’s years of education increases, the individual will have fewer children. Based on a subsample from the GSS 2014, we present a scatterplot and regression output for the variables EDUC and CHILDS. Interpret the results. R Linear=0.048 8 y =
Let’s examine the relationship between a country’s gross national product (GNP) and the percentage of respondents willing to pay higher prices for goods to protect the environment. The following table displays information for five countries selected at random.1. Calculate the correlation
We present SPSS output examining the relationship between education (measured in years) and television viewing per day (measured in hours) based on a GSS 2014 subsample. We hypothesize that as educational attainment increases, hours of television viewing will decrease, indicating a negative
Based on the following SPSS output describe the regression model for educational attainment and amount of money given to charity based on GSS 2014.1. Assess the significance of the overall model based on its F and p values. What is the relationship between the two variables?2. Calculate the
We revisit Katherine Purswell, Ani Yazedjian, and Michelle Toews’ (2008) research regarding the relationship between academic intentions (intention to perform specific behaviors related to learning engagement and positive academic behaviors), parental support, and peer support and self-reported
Research on social mobility, status, and educational attainment has provided convincing evidence on the relationship between parents’ and children’s socioeconomic achievement. The GSS 2014 measures the educational level of respondents and their mothers. Use the scatterplot and regression output
We return to our chapter analysis of Internet hours per week (WWHR), educational attainment (EDUC), and respondent age (AGE), presenting the multiple regression model and correlation matrix based on GSS 2014 data.1. What is the b coefficient for education? For age? Interpret each coefficient. Is

Social Statistics For A Diverse Society 8th Edition Chava Frankfort Nachmias, Anna Y. Leon Guerrero - Solutions

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