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Business Analytics 4th Edition Jeffrey D. Camm, James J. Cochran, Michael J. Fry, Jeffrey W. Ohlmann - Solutions
1. Use methods of descriptive statistics to summarize the data. Comment on the findings.
5. What conclusions and recommendations can you derive from your analysis? What universities are achieving a substantially higher alumni giving rate than would be expected, given their Graduation Rate, % of Classes Under 20, and Student/Faculty Ratio? What universities are achieving a substantially
4. Based on the results in parts (2) and (3), do you believe another regression model may be more appropriate? Estimate this model, and discuss your results.
3. Develop an estimated multiple linear regression model that could be used to predict the alumni giving rate using Graduation Rate, % of Classes Under 20, and Student/ Faculty Ratio as independent variables. Discuss your findings.
2. Develop an estimated simple linear regression model that can be used to predict the alumni giving rate, given the graduation rate. Discuss your findings.
1. Use methods of descriptive statistics to summarize the data.
21. Consumer Credit Card Debt. Consider again the example introduced in Section 7.5 of a credit card company that has a database of information provided by its customers when they apply for credit cards. An analyst has created a multiple regression model for which the dependent variable in the
20. GPA and SAT Scores. The Scholastic Aptitude Test (or SAT) is a standardized college entrance test that is used by colleges and universities as a means for making admission decisions. The critical reading and mathematics components of the SAT are reported on a scale from 200 to 800. Several
19. Factors in Stroke Risk. A recent 10-year study conducted by a research team at the Great Falls Medical School was conducted to assess how age, systolic blood pressure, and smoking relate to the risk of strokes. Assume that the following data are from a portion of this study. Risk is interpreted
18. Cost of Renting or Purchasing a Home. In 2011, home prices and mortgage rates fell so far that in a number of cities the monthly cost of owning a home was less expensive than renting. The following data show the average asking rent for 10 markets and the monthly mortgage on the median priced
17. Years to Maturity and Bond Yield. A sample containing years to maturity and (percent)yield for 40 corporate bonds is contained in the file CorporateBonds (Barron’s, April 2, 2012).a. Develop a scatter chart of the data using years to maturity as the independent variable.Does a simple linear
16. Vehicle Speed and Traffic Flow. A highway department is studying the relationship between traffic flow and speed during rush hour on Highway 193. The data in the file TrafficFlow were collected on Highway 193 during 100 recent rush hours.a. Develop a scatter chart for these data. What does the
15. Estimating Fuel Mileage by Car Size. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Fuel Economy Guide provides fuel efficiency data for cars and trucks. A portion of the data for 311 compact, midsized, and large cars follows. The Class column identifies the size of the car: Compact, Midsize, or Large. The
14. Delays in Company Audits. A study investigated the relationship between audit delay(the length of time from a company’s fiscal year-end to the date of the auditor’s report)and variables that describe the client and the auditor. Some of the independent variables that were included in this
13. Water Filtration System Maintenance. Johnson Filtration, Inc. provides maintenance service for water filtration systems throughout Southern Florida. Customers contact Johnson with requests for maintenance service on their water filtration systems. To estimate the service time and the service
12. NFL Winning Percentage. The National Football League (NFL) records a variety of performance data for individuals and teams. To investigate the importance of passing on the percentage of games won by a team, the following data show the conference(Conf), average number of passing yards per
11. Trading Stocks Electronically. The American Association of Individual Investors(AAII) On-Line Discount Broker Survey polls members on their experiences with electronic trades handled by discount brokers. As part of the survey, members were asked to rate their satisfaction with the trade price
10. Ratings of Beachfront Boutique Hotels. Resorts & Spas, a magazine devoted to upscale vacations and accommodations, published its Reader’s Choice List of the top 20 independent beachfront boutique hotels in the world. The data shown are the scores received by these hotels based on the
8. Used Car Mileage and Price. The Toyota Camry is one of the best-selling cars in North America. The cost of a previously owned Camry depends on many factors, including the model year, mileage, and condition. To investigate the relationship between the car’s mileage and the sales price for
7. Stock Market Performance. The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) and the Standard & Poor’s 500 (S&P 500) indexes are used as measures of overall movement in the stock market. The DJIA is based on the price movements of 30 large companies; the S&P 500 is an index composed of 500 stocks. Some
6. Studying and Grades. A marketing professor at Givens College is interested in the relationship between hours spent studying and total points earned in a course. Data collected on 156 students who took the course last semester are provided in the file MktHrsPts.a. Develop a scatter chart for
5. Bus Maintenance. The regional transit authority for a major metropolitan area wants to determine whether there is a relationship between the age of a bus and the annual maintenance cost. A sample of 10 buses resulted in the following data:Age of Bus (years) Annual Maintenance Cost ($)1 350 2 370
4. Absenteeism and Location. A sociologist was hired by a large city hospital to investigate the relationship between the number of unauthorized days that employees are absent per year and the distance (miles) between home and work for the employees. A sample of 10 employees was chosen, and the
3. Machine Maintenance. Jensen Tire & Auto is deciding whether to purchase a maintenance contract for its new computer wheel alignment and balancing machine. Managers feel that maintenance expense should be related to usage, and they collected the following information on weekly usage (hours) and
2. Production Rate and Quality Control. In a manufacturing process the assembly line speed (feet per minute) was thought to affect the number of defective parts found during the inspection process. To test this theory, managers devised a situation in which the same batch of parts was inspected
1. Price and Weight of Bicycles. Bicycling World, a magazine devoted to cycling, reviews hundreds of bicycles throughout the year. Its Road-Race category contains reviews of bicycles used by riders primarily interested in racing. One of the most important factors in selecting a bicycle for racing
4. Discuss the implications of changing the level of significance to a larger value. What mistake or error could increase if the level of significance is increased?
3. Compute limits for the sample mean x around m 512 such that, as long as a new sample mean is within those limits, the process will be considered to be operating satisfactorily. If x exceeds the upper limit or if x is below the lower limit, corrective action will be taken. These limits are
2. Compute the standard deviation for each of the four samples. Does the conjecture of 0.21 for the population standard deviation appear reasonable?
1. Conduct a hypothesis test for each sample at the 0.01 level of significance and determine what action, if any, should be taken. Provide the test statistic and p value for each test.
53. Election Poll. A well-respected polling agency has conducted a poll for an upcoming Presidential election. The polling agency has taken measures so that its random sample consists of 50,000 people and is representative of the voting population. The file Pedro contains survey data for 50,000
52. GPS Usage in Canada. According to CNN, 55% of all U.S. smartphone users have used their GPS capability to get directions. Suppose a major provider of wireless telephone service in Canada wants to know how GPS usage by its customers compares with U.S.smartphone users. The company collects usage
51. French Fry Purchases. The American Potato Growers Association (APGA) would like to test the claim that the proportion of fast-food orders this year that include French fries exceeds the proportion of fast-food orders that included French fries last year. Suppose that a random sample of 49,581
50. CEOs and Social Networks. CEOs who belong to a popular business-oriented social networking service have an average of 930 connections. Do other members have fewer connections than CEOs? The number of connections for a random sample of 7,515 members who are not CEOs is provided in the file
49. Government Use of E-mail. The Federal Government wants to determine if the mean number of business e-mails sent and received per business day by its employees differs from the mean number of e-mails sent and received per day by corporate employees, which is 101.5. Suppose the department
48. Speeding Drivers. ABC News reports that 58% of U.S. drivers admit to speeding.Suppose that a new satellite technology can instantly measure the speed of any vehicle on a U.S. road and determine whether the vehicle is speeding, and this satellite technology was used to take a sample of 20,000
47. Web Browser Preference. Internet users were recently asked online to rate their satisfaction with the web browser they use most frequently. Of 102,519 respondents, 65,120 indicated they were very satisfied with the web browser they use most frequently.a. What is the sample proportion of
46. Federal Employee Sick Days. According to the Census Bureau, 2,475,780 people are employed by the federal government in the United States. Suppose that a random sample of 3,500 of these federal employees was selected and the number of sick hours each of these employees took last year was
45. Erroneous Federal Tax Returns. Suppose a sample of 10,001 erroneous Federal income tax returns from last year has been taken and is provided in the file FedTaxErrors.A positive value indicates the taxpayer underpaid and a negative value indicates that the taxpayer overpaid.a. What is the sample
44. Customer Gender. The Port Authority also wants to determine if the gender profile of its customers has changed since last year, when 59.4% of its orders placed were placed by males. The genders for a sample of 49,896 orders placed this year are collected and recorded in the file
43. Value of Orders Placed. The Port Authority sells a wide variety of cables and adapters for electronic equipment online. Last year the mean value of orders placed with the Port Authority was $47.28, and management wants to assess whether the mean value of orders placed to date this year is the
42. Malpractice Suits. One of the reasons health care costs have been rising rapidly in recent years is the increasing cost of malpractice insurance for physicians. Also, fear of being sued causes doctors to run more precautionary tests (possibly unnecessary) just to make sure they are not guilty
41. Coupon Usage. Eagle Outfitters is a chain of stores specializing in outdoor apparel and camping gear. It is considering a promotion that involves mailing discount coupons to all its credit card customers. This promotion will be considered a success if more than 10% of those receiving the
40. Returned Merchandise. According to the University of Nevada Center for Logistics Management, 6% of all merchandise sold in the United States gets returned. A Houston department store sampled 80 items sold in January and found that 12 of the items were returned.a. Construct a point estimate of
39. Family Stock Ownership. Ten years ago 53% of American families owned stocks or stock funds. Sample data collected by the Investment Company Institute indicate that the percentage is now 46%.a. Develop appropriate hypotheses such that rejection of H0 will support the conclusion that a smaller
38. Holiday Gifts from Employers. Last year, 46% of business owners gave a holiday gift to their employees. A survey of business owners indicated that 35% plan to provide a holiday gift to their employees. Suppose the survey results are based on a sample of 60 business owners.a. How many business
37. Population Mobility. What percentage of the population live in their state of birth?According to the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey, the figure ranges from 25% in Nevada to 78.7% in Louisiana. The average percentage across all states and the District of Columbia is 57.7%. The
36. Used Car Prices. According to the National Automobile Dealers Association, the mean price for used cars is $10,192. A manager of a Kansas City used car dealership reviewed a sample of 50 recent used car sales at the dealership in an attempt to determine whether the population mean price for
35. Per Capita Sales. The Coca-Cola Company reported that the mean per capita annual sales of its beverages in the United States was 423 eight-ounce servings. Suppose you are curious whether the consumption of Coca-Cola beverages is higher in Atlanta, Georgia, the location of Coca-Cola’s
34. Time in Child Care. The time married men with children spend on child care averages 6.4 hours per week. You belong to a professional group on family practices that would like to do its own study to determine if the time married men in your area spend on child care per week differs from the
33. School Administrator Salaries. The national mean annual salary for a school administrator is $90,000 a year. A school official took a sample of 25 school administrators in the state of Ohio to learn about salaries in that state to see if they differed from the national average.a. Formulate
32. CEO Tenure. A shareholders’ group, in lodging a protest, claimed that the mean tenure for a chief executive officer (CEO) was at least nine years. A survey of companies reported in The Wall Street Journal found a sample mean tenure of x 5 7.27 years for CEOs with a standard deviation of s 5
31. Meal Costs. Which is cheaper: eating out or dining in? The mean cost of a flank steak, broccoli, and rice bought at the grocery store is $13.04. A sample of 100 neighborhood restaurants showed a mean price of $12.75 and a standard deviation of $2 for a comparable restaurant meal.a. Develop
30. Production Operating Costs. Suppose a new production method will be implemented if a hypothesis test supports the conclusion that the new method reduces the mean operating cost per hour.a. State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses if the mean cost for the current production method
29. Carpet Salesperson Salaries. Carpetland salespersons average $8,000 per week in sales. Steve Contois, the firm’s vice president, proposes a compensation plan with new selling incentives. Steve hopes that the results of a trial selling period will enable him to conclude that the compensation
28. Orange Juice Labels. The label on a 3-quart container of orange juice states that the orange juice contains an average of 1 gram of fat or less. Answer the following questions for a hypothesis test that could be used to test the claim on the label.a. Develop the appropriate null and alternative
27. Home Electricity Usage. Duke Energy reported that the cost of electricity for an efficient home in a particular neighborhood of Cincinnati, Ohio, was $104 per month. A researcher believes that the cost of electricity for a comparable neighborhood in Chicago, Illinois, is higher. A sample of
26. Process Improvement. Because of high production-changeover time and costs, a director of manufacturing must convince management that a proposed manufacturing method reduces costs before the new method can be implemented. The current production method operates with a mean cost of $220 per hour.
25. Filling Detergent Cartons. A production line operation is designed to fill cartons with laundry detergent to a mean weight of 32 ounces. A sample of cartons is periodically selected and weighed to determine whether underfilling or overfilling is occurring. If the sample data lead to a
24. Bonus Plans and Automobile Sales. The manager of an automobile dealership is considering a new bonus plan designed to increase sales volume. Currently, the mean sales volume is 14 automobiles per month. The manager wants to conduct a research study to see whether the new bonus plan increases
23. Hotel Guest Bills. The manager of the Danvers-Hilton Resort Hotel stated that the mean guest bill for a weekend is $600 or less. A member of the hotel’s accounting staff noticed that the total charges for guest bills have been increasing in recent months. The accountant will use a sample of
22. Employee Contributions to Health-Care Coverage. For many years businesses have struggled with the rising cost of health care. But recently, the increases have slowed due to less inflation in health care prices and employees paying for a larger portion of health care benefits. A recent Mercer
21. Internet Usage. The Pew Research Center Internet Project conducted a survey of 857 Internet users. This survey provided a variety of statistics on them.a. The sample survey showed that 90% of respondents said the Internet has been a good thing for them personally. Develop a 95% confidence
20. Companies Exceeding Profit Estimates. According to Thomson Financial, last year the majority of companies reporting profits had beaten estimates. A sample of 162 companies showed that 104 beat estimates, 29 matched estimates, and 29 fell short.a. What is the point estimate of the proportion
19. Will Our Children Be Better Off? One of the questions on a survey of 1,000 adults asked if today’s children will be better off than their parents. Representative data are shown in the file ChildOutlook. A response of Yes indicates that the adult surveyed did think today’s children will be
18. Automobile Insurance Premiums. The average annual premium for automobile insurance in the United States is $1,503. The following annual premiums ($) are representative of the web site’s findings for the state of Michigan.1,905 3,112 2,312 2,725 2,545 2,981 2,677 2,525 2,627 2,600 2,370 2,857
17. Telemedicine. Health insurers are beginning to offer telemedicine services online that replace the common office visit. WellPoint provides a video service that allows subscribers to connect with a physician online and receive prescribed treatments. Wellpoint claims that users of its LiveHealth
16. Years to Bond Maturity. A sample containing years to maturity and yield for 40 corporate bonds is contained in the file CorporateBonds.a. What is the sample mean years to maturity for corporate bonds and what is the sample standard deviation?b. Develop a 95% confidence interval for the
15. Quality Ratings of Airports. The International Air Transport Association surveys business travelers to develop quality ratings for transatlantic gateway airports. The maximum possible rating is 10. Suppose a simple random sample of 50 business travelers is selected and each traveler is asked to
14. Unnecessary Medical Care. Forty-two percent of primary care doctors think their patients receive unnecessary medical care.a. Suppose a sample of 300 primary care doctors was taken. Show the distribution of the sample proportion of doctors who think their patients receive unnecessary medical
13. Food Waste. People end up tossing 12% of what they buy at the grocery store. Assume this is the true population proportion and that you plan to take a sample survey of 540 grocery shoppers to further investigate their behavior. Show the sampling distribution of p, the proportion of groceries
12. Ages of Entrepreneurs. The Wall Street Journal reported that the age at first startup for 55% of entrepreneurs was 29 years of age or less and the age at first startup for 45% of entrepreneurs was 30 years of age or more.a. Suppose a sample of 200 entrepreneurs will be taken to learn about the
11. Orders from First-Time Customers. The president of Doerman Distributors, Inc.believes that 30% of the firm’s orders come from first-time customers. A random sample of 100 orders will be used to estimate the proportion of first-time customers.Assume that the president is correct and p 5 0.30.
10. State Rainfalls. The state of California has a mean annual rainfall of 22 inches, whereas the state of New York has a mean annual rainfall of 42 inches. Assume that the standard deviation for both states is 4 inches. A sample of 30 years of rainfall for California and a sample of 45 years of
9. College Graduate-Level Wages. The Economic Policy Institute periodically issues reports on wages of entry-level workers. The institute reported that entry-level wages for male college graduates were $21.68 per hour and for female college graduates were$18.80 per hour in 2011. Assume that the
8. Federal Income Tax Returns. The Wall Street Journal reports that 33% of taxpayers with adjusted gross incomes between $30,000 and $60,000 itemized deductions on their federal income tax return. The mean amount of deductions for this population of taxpayers was $16,642. Assume that the standard
7. SAT Scores. The College Board reported the following mean scores for the three parts of the SAT:Assume that the population standard deviation on each part of the test is s 5100.EAI Critical Reading 502 Mathematics 515 Writing 494a. For a random sample of 30 test takers, what is the sampling
6. Point Estimates for EAI Employees. In this chapter we showed how a simple random sample of 30 EAI employees can be used to develop point estimates of the population mean annual salary, the population standard deviation for annual salary, and the population proportion having completed the
5. Internet Usage by Age Group. One of the questions in the Pew Internet & American Life Project asked adults if they used the Internet at least occasionally. The results showed that 454 out of 478 adults aged 18–29 answered Yes; 741 out of 833 adults aged 30–49 answered Yes; and 1,058 out of
4. Morningstar Stock Data. Morningstar publishes ratings data on 1,208 company stocks. A sample of 40 of these stocks is contained in the file Morningstar. Use the Morningstar data set to answer the following questions.a. Develop a point estimate of the proportion of the stocks that receive
3. Monthly Sales Data. A simple random sample of 5 months of sales data provided the following information:Month: 1 2 3 4 5 Units Sold: 94 100 85 94 92a. Develop a point estimate of the population mean number of units sold per month.b. Develop a point estimate of the population standard deviation.
2. Randomly Sampling PGA Golfers. The U.S. Golf Association is considering a ban on long and belly putters. This has caused a great deal of controversy among both amateur golfers and members of the Professional Golf Association (PGA). Shown below are the names of the top 10 finishers in the recent
1. Randomly Sampling American League Teams. The American League consists of 15 baseball teams. Suppose a sample of 5 teams is to be selected to conduct player interviews. The following table lists the 15 teams and the random numbers assigned by Excel’s RAND function. Use these random numbers to
2. Apply a two-step approach:a. Using matching distance to compute dissimilarity between observations, employ hierarchical clustering with group average linkage to produce four clusters using the variables Female, Married, Loan, and Mortgage.b. Based on the clusters from part (a), split the
1. Using Manhattan distance to compute dissimilarity between observations, apply hierarchical clustering on all seven variables, experimenting with using complete linkage and group average linkage. Normalize the values of the input variables. Recommend a set of customer profiles (clusters).
5. How does the hypothetical 14-team cluster created in (4) compare to the actual 14-team Big Ten Conference? For both the hypothetical 14-team Big Ten Conference and the actual 14-team Big Ten Conference, compute the cluster centroid, the distance from each cluster member to the cluster centroid,
4. Add the school identified in (3) to create a cluster of 13 schools representing a hypothetical Big Ten Conference. Repeat the calculations to identify the school most similar with respect to complete linkage to this new cluster of 13 schools. Add this school to create a 14-school cluster.
3. Add the school identified in (2) to create a cluster of 12 schools representing a hypothetical Big Ten Conference. Repeat the calculations to identify the school most similar with respect to complete linkage to this new cluster of 12 schools.
2. Add the single school identified in (1) to create a cluster of 11 schools representing a hypothetical Big Ten Conference. Repeat the calculations to identify the school most similar with respect to complete linkage to this new cluster of 11 schools.
1. Using Euclidean distance to measure dissimilarity between observations, determine which school (in its own cluster of one) that hierarchical clustering with complete linkage would recommend integrating into the Big Ten Conference. That is, which school is the most similar with respect to
23. Text Mining of Yelp Reviews. The online review service Yelp helps millions of consumers find the goods and services they seek. To help consumers make more-informed choices, Yelp includes over 120 million reviews. The file YelpItalian contains a sample of 21 reviews for an Italian restaurant.
22. Text Mining of Tweets. Companies can learn a lot about customer experiences by monitoring the social media web site Twitter. The file AirlineTweets contains a sample of 36 tweets of an airline’s customers. Normalize the terms by using stemming and generate frequency and binary document-term
21. Association Rules of Grocery Store Transactions. A grocery store introducing items from Italy is interested in analyzing buying trends of these new“international” items, namely prosciutto, Peroni, risotto, and gelato. The files GroceryStoreList and GroceryStoreStacked provide data on a
20. Association Rules of Browser Histories. Cookie Monster Inc. is a company that specializes in the development of software that tracks web browsing history of individuals. Cookie Monster Inc. is interested in analyzing its data to gain insight on the online behavior of individuals. A sample of
19. Association Rules of iStore Transactions. Apple Inc. tracks online transactions at its iStore and is interested in learning about the purchase patterns of its customers in order to provide recommendations as a customer browses its web site. A sample of the“shopping cart” data resides in the
18. k-Means Clustering of Trader Joe’s Stores. Josephine Mater works for the supply-chain analytics division of Trader Joe’s, a national chain of specialty grocery stores. Trader Joe’s is considering a redesign of its supply chain. Josephine knows that Trader Joe’s uses frequent truck
17. k-Means Clustering of Sandler Movies. Attracted by the possible returns from a portfolio of movies, hedge funds have invested in the movie industry by financially backing individual films and/or studios. The hedge fund Star Ventures is currently conducting some research involving movies
16. k-Means Clustering of Employees. IBM employs a network of expert analytics consultants for various projects. To help it determine how to distribute its bonuses, IBM wants to form groups of employees with similar performance according to key performance metrics. Each observation (corresponding
15. Cluster Comparison of Single Linkage to Group Average Linking. Refer to the clustering problem involving the file FBS described in Problem 13. Using Euclidean distance to compute dissimilarity between observations, apply hierarchical clustering with 10 clusters using latitude and longitude as
14. Grouping Colleges with Hierarchical Clustering. Refer to the clustering problem involving the file FBS described in Problem 13. Using Euclidean distance to compute dissimilarity between observations, apply hierarchical clustering employing Ward’s method with 10 clusters using football stadium
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