Economics An Introduction To Traditional And Progressive Views 7th Edition Howard J. Sherman, E. K. Hunt, Reynold F. Nesiba, Phillip A. O'Hara, Barbara A. Wiens-Tuers - Solutions

What is ideology as used in this text?
Give examples of ideas or systematic beliefs in early communal society.
We usually do not think of ideology as necessary for our day-to-day survival. In what ways is it necessary for the survival of the members of the communal society?
How could prehistoric societies survive so long with little change and without major technological advancements?
List the six possible interactions of the four basic institutions of society. Give brief examples of each interaction in prehistoric society.
What is productivity? Why was productivity so low in prehistoric communal societies?
What is a direct democracy? How does that differ from democracy as practiced in the United States today?
What is sexist discrimination? Why was it not practical in a prehistoric society?
What is racist discrimination? Why was it not a factor in prehistoric society?
What is the importance of the extended family?
Why is cooperation and collective action within the extended family so crucial for survival?
What are the three key discoveries comprising the Neolithic revolution?
What and where is the earliest evidence of agriculture, better stone tools and pottery?
What is diffusion?
Explain the role of geography in early farming.
How did agriculture spread from where it originated?
How is technology changing? How did the changing technology improve productivity?
Explain how productivity aids specialization and how specialization improves productivity.
What is the relationship of increasing productivity and the creation of surplus? Be sure to define the term surplus in your answer.
Why is surplus so crucial in the further changes in society?
How did increasing productivity enable towns to grow in size and population?
What is wealth and why are some people able to accumulate wealth?
Explain the significance of private property rights for accumulating wealth.
Why was war not practical or profitable in communal society? Why does increasing productivity and surplus now make war profitable?
How do widening differences in economic wealth translate into widening differences in political power?
What main groups of people comprised the slave population?
Who were the independent farmers and why did independent farms die out?
Why did workers in the cities who were not slaves remain poor?
What is the sequence of events that led women’s status to change from rough equality with men to being subordinate to men?
What is the explanation for the rise of the “double standard” for men and women?
Explain the emergence of priests and religious leaders in the slave society. What role do they play in this society?
How does governing change in the slave society?
Explain the common features of ancient slave-based societies for each of the four institutional structures in our framework: technology, economic institutions, social institutions, and ideology.
How are the features of each institutional structure different from communal society?
Who produced most of the goods and services for Rome?
How was production perceived by the slave owners and the ruling class? Why does this attitude limit technological change and motivation for technological change?
Why do slaves have little interest in changing technology?
Why might the slave owner not want to introduce new technology?
How did the composition of the Roman army change after the introduction of slavery?
Why is the changing composition of the Roman army a problem for the Roman Empire?
Discuss the two main reasons for the change from slavery to serfdom.
Explain the steps in the shift from slave society to a feudal society.
How is a serf like a slave and how is a serf different from a slave?
What incentives did a serf have not to revolt and how is this different from the slaves?
How did some of the chiefs of the Germanic tribes controlling parts of the Roman Empire move to feudalism?
Why was the possibility of increased productivity of serfs not realized for several centuries?
State the features of the four institutions under feudalism and explain how they are different from those in slave society.
What are the sources of serfs?
Why did feudal lords change from slave labor to serf labor?
How did the lords control the serfs?
How did religion play a role in inhibiting the technological and scientific advancement?
What is the impact of the church and religion in feudal society?
Discuss the status of women in feudal society.
Discuss the role of the church as a landowner in feudalism.
How does a system of Christian paternalism compare to the pattern of a typical family? Who fills each role?
What are the duties and obligations of the wealthy?
In the movie Wall Street, Michael Douglas proclaims “greed is good.” What would be the response to this statement by people who adhere to the idea of Christian paternalism?
What role does tradition play in feudal society? How did this affect development of trade and commercial interests?
What is a “just price?” What role does the idea of a just price play in the context of feudalism and Christian paternalism?
What is usury? How is usury related to the idea of a just price?
Does being poor necessarily mean you are righteous person?
What is the role of merchants in the early Middle Ages?
Why did towns become increasingly important in this period? How did this impact trade?
What were some problems for early merchants trying to conduct trade?
Discuss the reasons for technological stagnation in feudal society.
What role did the plagues that swept Europe play in changing the relationship of serfs and lords?
Why did feudal lords slowly lose power over the peasant class?
What is the commons and why was it important to the peasants? Why did the lords enclose the commons? What was the effect of enclosure of the commons on the peasants?
Describe the emergence of a market in land to lease. What impact does this have on farming?
How does the change to farming for the market (commercial farming) change the productivity or farming?
Discuss how changes in the productivity of farming impact the growth of cities.
Who made up the peasant class in the cities?
What are the remnants of feudalism present in the seventeenth century? Why is this a problem?
Who are the three groups of people important to the English Revolution? Why?
How did the change in relative power of different classes lead to struggle between the classes?
Discuss each of the distinguishing features of capitalism in the four institutions.
Compare and contrast the features of prehistoric communal society, slavery, feudalism and capitalism. How are they similar and how are they different?
What was the first major industry in England? What factors enabled the development of this industry?
How did the institutions of capitalism facilitate the Industrial Revolution?
What are some of the social costs of the Industrial Revolution?
Why did workers attempt to organize unions?
Compare and contrast life in England before the Industrial Revolution (c. 1750) to life in the latter part of the nineteenth century.
What is bullionism? Why is it not possible for every country to achieve its main goal?
Why is exporting so important for countries in the bullionist period? What did countries do to protect their exports?
What is the motivation for creating trade monopolies?
How did the restrictions on trade and production impact the new middle class of merchants and industrial capitalists? What was their response?
What are the two themes underlying the development of English mercantilism? What does this mean for the role of the church and the role of the state in protecting the social welfare of its citizens?
As the state begins to take over the role of the church in interpreting and enforcing the Christian paternalistic ethic, what are some early mercantilist policies?
Mercantilists advocate for full employment policies. What problems is unemployment causing in the late 1500s and early 1600s? What is the cause of widespread unemployment in this period?
In 1563 a maximum wage is set. Why? Who is this designed to protect? Why?
As the state assumes more and more responsibility for the general welfare of society, it creates the Poor Laws. What are the Poor Laws? What are they designed to do?
What is classical liberalism? Why did it end up prevailing over the older paternalistic view of the world?
What is considered to be the dominant motive needed to function successfully in a capitalist market economy? How is this justified by classical liberalism?
Compare and contrast “human justification by works” and “human justification by faith.” Why does individual interpretation of God’s will appeal to the new middle class of capitalists?
Using individual self-interest as a foundation, what arguments are put forward supporting removal of restrictions on trade and production? Be sure to give specific examples as part of your answer.
What was the nature of trade between the United States and England when the United States was still a colony? Why?
Describe the living and working conditions for most slaves.
Why did the U.S. economy stay undeveloped for so long?
What social norms and laws were in place that perpetuated slavery?
Describe how the United States remains a neocolonial country after the Revolutionary War.

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Economics An Introduction To Traditional And Progressive Views 7th Edition Howard J. Sherman, E. K. Hunt, Reynold F. Nesiba, Phillip A. O'Hara, Barbara A. Wiens-Tuers - Solutions

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