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organization theory and design
Organization Theory And Design An International Perspective 4th Edition Hugh Willmott, Richard Daft, Jonathan Murphy - Solutions
2. Which ethical principles does RojaAHP follow and how did/does this contribute to their corporate strategy and success?
1. Discuss the issues that RojaAHP was facing and which measures they had to take to eliminate them.How did the corporate culture and the owners’ underlying values clash with the national culture?
2 What kinds of political tactics did the different interest groups pursue in order to influence faculty council decision-making? How would you describe the effectiveness of various tactics used?
1 How would you explain the emergence of division in the case organization? What were the background social and cultural structures accounting for the appearance of different interest groups within the faculty?
3 Are there lessons for Tuatech in this case study that it should apply to other departments within the company?
2 Radha’s departure from Tuatech seems to have been a pivotal moment. Why did Tuatech’s web design unit perform poorly when Radha managed it, while she seemed to be successful in the same position at Manha Web Design?
1 Do you think the decision to shut down the unit was handled well?
3 How do you feel about your approach to handling conflict? What changes would you like to make?
2 How would your answers change if the other party to the conflict was a friend, family member or co-worker?
1 Which strategy do you find easiest to use? Most difficult?
9 Which do you believe would have a greater longterm impact on changing employee attitudes towards increased collaboration – intergroup consultation or confrontation and negotiation?Discuss.
8 The engineering college at a major university brings in three times as much in government research funding as the rest of the university combined. Engineering appears wealthy and has many professors on full-time research status. Yet, when internal research funds are allocated, engineering gets a
7 A bookkeeper at HealthSouth Corp., which is currently embroiled in a financial scandal, tried for several years to expose fraud in the organization’s accounting department, but he couldn’t get anyone to pay attention to his claims. How would you evaluate this employee’s power?What might he
6 State University X receives 90 per cent of its financial resources from the state and is overcrowded with students. It is trying to pass regulations to limit student enrolment. Private University Y receives 90 per cent of its income from student tuition and has barely enough students to make ends
5 In Exhibit 14.4, R&D has greater power in company B than in the other firms. Discuss possible strategic contingencies that give R&D greater power in this firm.
4 What is the difference between power and authority? Is it possible for a person to have formal authority but to exercise little power?Discuss.
3 In a rapidly changing organization, are decisions more likely to be made using the rational or political model of organization? Discuss.
2 A noted expert on organizations said that some conflict is beneficial to organizations. Discuss.
1 Give an example from your personal experience of how differences in tasks, personal background and training lead to conflict between groups. How might task interdependence have influenced that conflict?
3 What are the advantages and disadvantages of public involvement in governmental decision-making?Governments globally are concerned about the ways in which public policy decisions are taken and are often placed in a dilemma between making the best use of public funds through rational
2 What would be the disadvantages of pure rationality in government decision-making?Governments globally are concerned about the ways in which public policy decisions are taken and are often placed in a dilemma between making the best use of public funds through rational decision-making and the
1 Is governmental decision-making programmed or non-programmed? Explain your answer.Governments globally are concerned about the ways in which public policy decisions are taken and are often placed in a dilemma between making the best use of public funds through rational decision-making and the
2 How can you know which approach is best?Think of some recent decisions that have influenced your life. Choose two significant decisions that you made and two decisions that other people made. Fill out the following table, using Exhibit 13.8 to determine decision styles.
1 How can a decision approach influence the outcome of the decision? What happens when the approach fits the decision? When it doesn’t fit?Think of some recent decisions that have influenced your life. Choose two significant decisions that you made and two decisions that other people made. Fill
10 Why are decision mistakes usually accepted in organizations but penalized in college courses and exams that are designed to train managers?
9 Describe the four streams of events in the garbage can model of decision-making. Do you think those streams are independent of each other? Why?
8 Why should managers in high-velocity environments be encouraged to worry more about the present than the future? Discuss.
7 How would you make a decision to select a building site for a new waste-treatment plant in the Philippines? Where would you start with this complex decision, and what steps would you take? Explain which decision model in the chapter best describes your approach.
6 An organization theorist once told her class,‘Organizations never make big decisions. They make small decisions that eventually add up to a big decision’. Explain the logic behind this statement.
5 What are the three major phases in Mintzberg’s incremental decision process model? Why might managers recycle through one or more phases of the model?
4 The Carnegie model emphasizes the need for a political coalition in the decision-making process.When and why are coalitions necessary?
3 Do you think intuition is a valid way to make important business decisions? Why or why not?Can you think of a time when you used intuition to make a decision?
2 A professional economist once told his class,‘An individual decision-maker should process all relevant information and select the economically rational alternative’. Do you agree? Why or why not?
1 When you are faced with choosing between several valid options, how do you typically make your decision? How do you think managers typically choose between several options? What are the similarities between your decision process and what you think managers do?
3 All changes in an organization have something to do with the right techniques for implementation.At the end of the chapter, seven steps as‘techniques for implementation’ are described. By using the seven steps, imagine how you would change the company.Established in 1837, US firm John Deere
2 Another important thing is to make sure you have all the elements for successful change. By using Exhibit 12.4, explain how the elements go hand in hand in the John Deere case.Established in 1837, US firm John Deere is known for making tractors and other machinery relating to the land such as
1 The John Deere case explains how the new digital technology revolution has changed the company.By using Exhibit 12.3, explain the changes initiated through the use of new technology.Established in 1837, US firm John Deere is known for making tractors and other machinery relating to the land such
3 Where would you rather work? Why?In order to examine differences in the level of innovation encouragement in organizations, you will be asked to rate two organizations. The first should be an organization in which you have worked, or the university. The second should be someone else’s
2 How might productivity differ between a climate that supports innovation and a climate that does not?In order to examine differences in the level of innovation encouragement in organizations, you will be asked to rate two organizations. The first should be an organization in which you have
1 What comparisons in terms of innovation climates can you make between these two organizations?In order to examine differences in the level of innovation encouragement in organizations, you will be asked to rate two organizations. The first should be an organization in which you have worked, or
9 The manager of R&D for a drug company said that only 5 per cent of the company’s new products ever achieve market success. He also said the industry average is 10 per cent and wondered how his organization might increase its success rate. If you were acting as a consultant, what advice would
8 How do the underlying values of organization development compare to the values underlying other types of change? Why do the values underlying OD make it particularly useful in shifting to a learning organization?
7 Of the five elements required for successful change, which element do you think managers are most likely to overlook? Discuss.
6 A noted organization theorist said, ‘Pressure for change originates in the environment; pressure for stability originates within the organization’. Do you agree? Discuss.
5 ‘Bureaucracies are not innovative’. Discuss.
4 Why do organizations experience resistance to change? What steps can managers take to overcome this resistance?
3 Describe the dual-core approach. How does administrative change normally differ from technology change? Discuss.
2 How are organic characteristics related to changes in technology? To administrative changes?
1 How is the management of radical change likely to differ from the management of incremental change?
3 Can managerial ethics and corporate social responsibility sometimes be in conflict?
2 The Edam Corporation has separated some of its corporate social responsibility activities from its mainstream business activities. Do you think that this is necessary and/or desirable?
1 How would you evaluate the social performance of the Edam Foundation?
3 Describe a situation in which you were faced with an ethical dilemma. What was your decision and behaviour? How did you decide to do that? Can you relate your decision to any concept in the chapter?4 What do you think is a powerful ethical message for others? Where did you get it from? How will
2 If you were a manager, how would you motivate your employees to follow ethical behaviour? Use no more than two sentences.
1 In your own words, define the concept of ethics in one or two sentences.
3 Which store was more pleasant to be in? How does that relate to the mission of the store?To understand more about corporate culture, visit two retail stores and compare them according to various factors. Go to one discount or low-end store, such as Lidl or Primark, and to one high-end store, such
2 What effect does employees’ behaviour have on customers?To understand more about corporate culture, visit two retail stores and compare them according to various factors. Go to one discount or low-end store, such as Lidl or Primark, and to one high-end store, such as Harrod’s or Waitrose, or
1 How does the culture seem to influence employee behaviour in each store?To understand more about corporate culture, visit two retail stores and compare them according to various factors. Go to one discount or low-end store, such as Lidl or Primark, and to one high-end store, such as Harrod’s or
11 Top executives at numerous technology companies, including Nortel Networks, Sun Microsystems and Cisco, made millions of dollars from the sale of stock during the ‘bubble years’ of 1999–2001. When the bubble burst, ordinary investors lost 70 to 90 per cent of their holdings. Do you see
10 Codes of ethics have been criticized for transferring responsibility for ethical behaviour from the organization to the individual employee. Do you agree? Do you think a code of ethics is valuable for an organization?
9 How do external stakeholders influence ethical decision-making in an organization? Discuss why globalization has contributed to more complex ethical issues related to external stakeholders.
8 What importance would you attribute to leadership statements and actions for influencing ethical values and decision-making in an organization?
7 Why is equality an important value to support learning and innovation? Discuss.
6 Are you aware of a situation in which either you or someone you know was confronted by an ethical dilemma, such as being encouraged to inflate an expense account? Do you think the person’s decision was affected by individual moral development or by the accepted values within the company?
5 Why is values-based leadership so important to the influence of culture? Does a symbolic act communicate more about company values than an explicit statement? Discuss.
4 Do you think a bureaucratic culture would be less employee oriented than a clan culture? Discuss.
3 Explain the concept of social capital. Name an organization currently in the business news that seems to have a high degree of social capital and one that seems to have a low degree.
2 What might be some of the advantages of having several subcultures within an organization? The disadvantages?
1 Describe observable symbols, ceremonies, dress or other aspects of culture and the underlying values they represent for an organization where you have worked.
3 Discuss the more general characteristics of the crises and compare them to Weitzel and Jonsson(Exhibit 10.5).
2 Discuss the specific organizational crises and compare them to Greiner’s organizational lifecycle theory (Exhibit 10.2).
1 Discuss the structure of IMAGINIO and compare it to Greiner’s organizational lifecycle theory(Exhibit 10.2).
5 Class discussion.a What helped or blocked intergroup cooperation and coordination?b To what extent was there open versus closed communication? What impact did that have?c What styles of leadership were exhibited?d What types of team interdependencies emerged?
3 Does the type of control depend on the situation and the number of people involved?
2 What happens when there is too much control? Too little?
1 What are the advantages and disadvantages of the various controls?
8 In order to address ecological sustainability, do you think a ‘no growth’ philosophy of management should be taught in business schools? Discuss.
7 Refer to the case study of Philips NV in Chapter 1.Try to match the historical development of Philips using the organizational life cycle approach explained in this chapter. How well does the life cycle model fit?
6 The incident command system has been used primarily by organizations that regularly deal with crisis situations. Discuss whether this approach seems workable for a large media company that wants to reduce bureaucracy. How about for a manufacturer of mobile phones?
5 Government organizations often seem more bureaucratic than for-profit organizations. Could this partly be the result of the type of control used in government organizations? Explain.
4 Apply the concept of life cycle to an organization with which you are familiar, such as a university or a local business. What stage is the organization in now?How did the organization handle or pass through phases in its life cycle?
3 If you were managing a group of professionals(e.g. a department of college professors), how might you structure the department differently than if you were managing a department of bookkeepers?Why?
2 Why do large organizations tend to be more formalized?
1 Discuss the key differences between large and small organizations. Which kinds of organizations would be better off acting as large organizations and which are best trying to act as big-company/small-company hybrids?
3 This chapter provides some examples illustrating ways in which advancements in IT are bringing about changes in the design of organizations.What key changes to organizational design do you think could be attributed to the partnership of UnityWater in Queensland, Australia, with TaKaDu?
2 A McKinsey Survey released in May 2016 entitled‘Geostrategic risks on the rise’4 noted that the share of executives identifying geopolitical instability – both international and domestic –doubled over the two-year period 2013–2015 with the development of technologies that empower
1 As noted in this chapter IT is essential to successful organizations, with managers reportedly spending ‘at least 80 per cent of their time actively exchanging information’. In what specific ways would you say that the TaKaDu software increases opportunities for managers to enhance their
11 What business potential does Web 2.0 have?
10 How might the adoption of IT affect how an organization is designed?
9 What are some competitive issues that might lead a company to take a partnership approach to e-business rather than setting up an in-house internet division? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each approach?
8 What is meant by the integrated enterprise?Describe how organizations can use extranets to extend and enhance horizontal relationships required for enterprise integration.
7 Why is knowledge management particularly important to a company that wants to become a learning organization?
6 Describe your use of explicit knowledge when you research and write a term paper. Do you also use tacit knowledge regarding this activity? Discuss.
5 Describe how the four management control system elements discussed in the chapter might be used for feedback control within organizations.Compare and contrast this four-part system with use of the balanced scorecard.
4 Discuss some ways a large insurance company such as Progressive, described in the chapter opening, might use MIS to improve decision-making.
3 How might an enterprise resource planning system be used to improve strategic management of a manufacturing organization?
2 Why might a company consider using an intranet rather than traditional management and executive information systems?
1 Do you think technology will eventually enable top managers to do their jobs with little face-toface communication?Discuss.
2 You have been hired as a business consultant to advise on the scaling up of the Grundfos LIFELINK project to other countries in Africa and Asia. What advice could you offer based on testing of the business model in Kenya? Can you add any useful insights from the In Practice example Pret A Manger,
1 In this chapter sociotechnical systems theory is presented. It focuses on attempts to fit together the technical and human aspects of an organization in order to deliver a product or service. What are the human components and the technology components of the Grundfos LIFELINK Project, and how
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