Statistics The Exploration And Analysis Of Data 6th Edition John M Scheb, Jay Devore, Roxy Peck - Solutions

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Construct a transformation curve that transforms uniform variates on a scale from 0 to 1 to Poisson values for λ = 2 per year and t = 1 year. Generate 30 variates using the transformation curve to obtain 30 Poisson variates. Discuss the results of the transformation.
Construct a transformation curve that transforms uniform variates on a scale from 0 to 1 to geometric values for p = 0.1. Generate 30 variates using the transformation curve to obtain 30 geometric variates. Discuss the results of the transformation.
Construct a transformation curve that transforms uniform variates on a scale from 0 to 1 to binomial values for N = 10 and p = 0.1. Generate 30 variates using the transformation curve to obtain 30 binomial variates. Discuss the results of the transformation.
Construct a transformation curve that transforms uniform variates on a scale from 0 to 1 to uniform variates on a scale from 10 to 20 of integer values. Generate 30 variates using the transformation curve to obtain 30 uniform variates on a scale from 10 to 20 of integers. Discuss the results of the
The arrival of school buses at a maintenance station can be modeled as a Poisson process with a rate of 5 arrivals per day.(a) What is the probability that exactly 3 buses arrive in a 1-day period?(b) What is the probability that at least 2 buses arrive in a 1-day period?(c) What is the probability
The arrival of aircraft to an airport can be modeled as a Poisson process with a rate of 10 arrivals per hour.(a) What is the probability that exactly 5 aircrafts arrive in a 1-h period?(b) What is the probability that at least 5 aircrafts arrive in a 1-h period?(c) What is the probability that at
It was determined from historical records of inspecting inflatable liferafts onboard vessels that 5 in 100 are defective and will not properly inflate. (a) For a randomly selected vessel that has onboard 20 rafts, what is the distribution of the number of defective liferafts? (b) Compute the
It was reported in 1993 that 1 in 200 carry the defective gene that causes inherited colon cancer. For a random sample of 1000 individuals, what is the distribution of the number of individuals who carry the gene? Compute the probability that 4 to 10 (inclusive) individuals out of the 1000 selected
During World War II, an economical procedure for testing syphilitic (i.e., diseased) men among military inductees was initiated to test the blood of groups of n men by combining the blood samples of all n men in a group and performing one test on the combined sample. If no one in the group had the
A k-out-of-n system is defined as a system that functions if and only if at least k out of the n individual components in the system function. If individual components function independently of one another, each with a probability of 0.9, compute the probability that a 2-out-of-3 system functions.
A k-out-of-n system is defined as a system that functions if and only if at least k out of the n individual components in the system function. If individual components function independently of one another, each with a probability of 0.95, compute the probability that a 3-out-of-5 system functions.
A defense contractor developed a new welding process of high-strength metal for use in constructing submarines. The new process was used and the resulting welds were tested using a specialized nondestructive testing method. The testing produced a reliability level of 99.9% for the length of welds.
An automobile manufacturer is considering the recall of 100,000 cars to correct a safety device in them. The number of automobiles with defective safety devices is estimated to be about 10% of the 100,000 automobiles. Determine the expected number of defective items in a sample recall of 10
A shipment contains 60 individually sealed boxes that contain electronic devices. It was determined from historical records that shipping damages were on the average 10% of the devices in a shipment.The shipment is allocated equally and randomly to three offices. Compute the probability that a
A box contains 100 fasteners with five defective fasteners among them. A connection requires the use of six fasteners. Having two or more fasteners will have an adverse impact on the safe use of the joint. Compute the probability of having an unsafe joint constructed using 6 randomly selected
A lot of products contains 100 units with 10 defective units among these 100 units. Compute the probability of sampling at least 1 defective unit in a sample of size 10 units. Is a sample size of 10 adequate? Discuss your results.
A bidding strategy assumes that five successes are necessary in ten bids. Use the negative binomial distribution to compute the probability of having a 5th success on the 10th trial for a success probability in a trial (p) of 0.2.
Use the negative binomial distribution to compute the probability of having a 10th success on the 10th trial for a success probability in a trial (p) of 0.1.
Use the negative binomial distribution to compute the probability of having a 3rd success on the 10th trial for a success probability in a trial (p) of 0.1.
A seam weld is inspected using a nondestructive evaluation method and was determined to have defects following a Poisson process with a rate λ = 0.05 per ft. A pressure vessel contains 20 ft of this seam weld.(a) What is probability that the pressure vessel will be free of defects in this seam
Extreme wave loads follow a Poisson distribution with an occurrence rate λ = 0.01 per year. What is the probability of occurrence of two extreme loads in a year? What is the probability of no extreme loads in 2 years? What is the probability of one or two load occurrences during a period of 25
The failure rate of an electronic device is λ = 0.001 per year of continuous operation. What is the probability of occurrence of two failures in a year? What is the probability of no failures in 5 years?What is the probability of one or two failures in the design life of the device of 10 years?
Derive Equations 4.15 and 4.16 using Equations 3.70 and 3.74.
An insurance company reviews insurance claims received for payment, and rejects 40% of the claims. The insurance claims follow a Poisson process with a rate λ = 200 claims per year. What is the probability that a claim will be rejected? What is the mean and standard deviation of the number of
Insurance claims follow a Poisson process with a rate λ = 100 claims per year. (a) What is the mean and standard deviation of the number of claims per year? (b) What is the probability of receiving more than 100 claims per year? (c) What is the probability of receiving exactly 100 claims in a
The overload occurrence of an offshore facility due to extreme waves can be modeled by a Poisson process with a rate λ = 0.5. What is the probability of occurrence of two overloads in a year? What is the probability of no overloads in a year? What is the probability of one or two overloads in the
Over the past 15 years, the numbers of hurricanes per year to cause damage in a particular city were 4, 2, 1, 3, 0, 2, 1, 3, 5, 2, 3, 1, 1, 2, and 0. What is the probability of not having hurricane damage in any 1 year? What are the average and variance of the number of hurricanes in 1 year?
A home construction company has determined at a home subdivision that the probability of finding unusual soil conditions is 0.15 per house site requiring blasting to excavate for a house’s foundation.Assuming these unusual soil conditions are randomly spread out in the development and their
A 10-year record of tornadoes per year to land in a particular region is 2, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 0, 2, 3, and 1.What is the probability of not having tornados in any 1 year? What are the average and variance of the number of tornadoes in 1 year?
An oil exploration company has determined at a site that the oil discovery probability is 0.65 per well. Assume that the oil exploration attempts, that is, the wells, are independent,(a) What is the probability that oil will be discovered on the first attempt?(b) What is the probability that oil
A missile defense system is intended to kill any incoming missiles directed at a country. The missile defense system has a successful-kill probability of 0.85 per attempt by the system. Assume that the attempts are independent,(a) What is the probability that the kill will occur on the first
A furniture manufacturer performs final inspections on furniture pieces produced. The pieces are classified as follows with associated probabilities: flawless (0.90 probability), with cosmetic flaws(0.08 probability), and flawed requiring rework (0.02 probability). Assume that the pieces are
A manufacturer of processors for communication devices has established that the defect probability of its manufacturing process is 0.05.(a) What is the probability of having at the most two defective processors in a sample of 30 processors?(b) What is the probability of having more than three
The probability that a flood of a specified magnitude occurs in any 1 year is 0.1. What is the probability that in the next 10 years (a) exactly two such floods will occur, (b) no more than one such flood will occur, (c) no such floods will occur, (d) at least four floods will occur, and (e) at
A medication could lead to side effects requiring the use of a secondary drug to counter the effects.The probability of a user experiencing side effects is 0.01. What is the probability of (a) no side effects in five consecutive users of the medication, (b) one or more cases of side effects in five
A fair coin is tossed ten times. What is the probability of getting (a) exactly six heads, (b) exactly three tails, (c) no heads, (d) three or fewer heads, (e) six or more tails, and (f) at least three but not more than eight heads?
An assembly plant of electronic devices uses a chip type that has a defect probability of 0.02. The chip’s defect can be identified only at the quality testing stage of the completed device. What is the probability of (a) no defects in five consecutive devices assembled, (b) two or fewer defects
Piles are used to support the foundation of a structure. The failure probability of a pile during proof testing is 0.1. Determine the following:(a) The probability of three failed piles out of ten tested piles(b) The probability of no failures in 20 tested piles(c) The probability of ten tested
The probability of a flood in any 1 year is 0.05. In a 10-year period, what is the probability of (a) no floods, (b) two or fewer floods, (c) from one to three floods?
he week that the advertisement appears in the paper, the section of the paper in which the advertisement appears, or daily fluctuations in the interest rate. What role does randomization play in your design?
=+the week that the advertisement appears in the paper, the section of the paper in which the advertisement appears, or daily fluctuations in the interest rate. What role does randomization play in your design?
=+lender would like to determine which advertisement format is most successful in attracting customers to call for more information. Describe an experiment that would provide the information needed to make this determination.Be sure to consider extraneous factors, such as the day of
=+2.70 A mortgage lender routinely places advertisements in a local newspaper. The advertisements are of three different types: one focusing on low interest rates, one featuring low fees for first-time buyers, and one appealing to people who may want to refinance their homes. The
=+slightly at different locations in the kiln, and firing temperature may also affect cracking. Discuss the design of an experiment to collect information that could be used to decide between the two clay types. How does your proposed design deal with the extraneous factor temperature?
=+2.69 A manufacturer of clay roofing tiles would like to investigate the effect of clay type on the proportion of tiles that crack in the kiln during firing. Two different types of clay are to be considered. One hundred tiles can be placed in the kiln at any one time. Firing temperature varies
=+to plant the four types of grasses. What role would randomization play in this determination? Identify any confounding variables. Would this study be considered an observational study or an experiment? (Based on the article “Response of Northern Harriers and Short-Eared Owls to Grassland
=+be used include undisturbed native grasses, managed native grasses, undisturbed nonnative grasses, and managed nonnative grasses. You are allowed a plot of land 500 m square to study. Explain how you would determine where
=+2.68 You have been asked to determine on what types of grasslands two species of birds, northern harriers and short-eared owls, build nests. The types of grasslands to
=+record the amount of the bill and of the tip and whether he stood or squatted.a. Describe the treatments and the response variable.b. Discuss possible extraneous factors and how they could be controlled.c. Discuss whether blocking would be necessary.d. Identify possible confounding variables.e.
=+of Server Posture on Restaurant Tipping,” Journal of Applied Social Psychology [1993]: 678–685). In the experiment, the waiter would flip a coin to determine whether he would stand or squat next to the table. The waiter would
=+2.67 Researchers at the University of Houston decided to test the hypothesis that restaurant servers who squat to the level of their customers would receive a larger tip (“Effect
=+b. List two socioeconomic factors that would be appropriate to use for stratification. Explain how each factor would relate to the consumption of alcohol in general and of wine in particular.
=+a. Why might stratification by province be a good thing?
=+2.66 The article “Heavy Drinking and Problems among Wine Drinkers” (Journal of Studies on Alcohol [1999]:467–471) investigates whether wine drinkers tend to drink less excessively than those who drink beer and spirits. A sample of Canadians, stratified by province of residence and other
=+c. This experiment was not conducted in a double-blind manner. Do you think it would have been a good idea to make this a double-blind experiment? Explain.
=+b. Do you think it was important that the men participating in the experiment were not told whether they were receiving creatine or the placebo? Explain.
=+a. What extraneous variables are identified in the given statement, and what strategy did the researchers use to deal with them?
=+“looked at 19 men, all about 25 years of age and similar in weight, lean body mass, and capacity to lift weights. Ten were given creatine—25 grams a day for the first week, followed by 5 grams a day for the rest of the study. The rest were given a fake preparation. No one was told what he was
=+2.65 An article in the San Luis Obispo Tribune (September 7, 1999) described an experiment designed to investigate the effect of creatine supplements on the development of muscle fibers. The article states that the researchers
=+not. Assuming that the assignment of subjects to the treatment (vodka) and control groups was made at random, do you think there are any confounding factors that would make conclusions based on this experiment questionable?
=+tonics (tonic water alone), but all subjects were told they were drinking vodka tonics. The researchers then measured the level of nicotine cravings (by monitoring heart rate, skin conductance, etc.). Those who had consumed the vodka tonics had 35% more cravings than those who did
=+2.64 Does alcohol consumption cause increased cravings for cigarettes? Research at Purdue University suggests this is so (see CNN.com web site article “Researchers Find Link Between Cigarette Cravings and Alcohol,” dated June 13, 1997). In an experiment, 60 heavy smokers and moderate drinkers
=+study focused on clinical decision-making.Evaluate this experimental design. Do you think this is a good design or a poor design, and why? If you were designing such a study, what, if anything, would you propose to do differently?
=+identical gestures, and were taped from the same position. Researchers asked 720 primary care doctors at meetings of the American College of Physicians or the American Academy of Family Physicians to watch a tape and recommend care. The doctors thought the
=+eliminated those differences by videotaping actors—two black men, two black women, two white men, and two white women—describing chest pain from identical scripts. They wore identical gowns, used
=+pain or a heart attack. Scientists blamed differences in illness severity, insurance coverage, patient preference, and health care access. The researchers
=+2.63 Do ethnic group and gender influence the type of care that a heart patient receives? The following passage is from the article “Heart Care Reflects Race and Sex, Not Symptoms” (USA Today, February 25, 1999, reprinted with permission):Previous research suggested blacks and women were less
=+2.62 According to the article “Effect of Preparation Methods on Total Fat Content, Moisture Content, and Sensory Characteristics of Breaded Chicken Nuggets and Beef Steak Fingers” (Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal [1999]: 18–27), sensory tests were conducted using 40 college
=+This statement was based on the fact that only 51 percent of those responding to a mail survey indicated that they were satisfied with their jobs. Describe any potential sources of bias that might limit the researcher’s ability to draw conclusions about working Americans based on the data
=+2.61 The article “Workers Grow More Dissatisfied” in the San Luis Obispo Tribune (August 22, 2002) states that “a survey of 5000 people found that while most Americans continue to find their jobs interesting, and are even satisfied with their commutes, a bare majority like their jobs.”
=+b. Is it reasonable to generalize the results of this experiment to all children? Explain.
=+a. The researchers concluded that the blood cholesterol level was lower for children in the intervention group. Is it reasonable to conclude that the parental counseling and subsequent reduction in dietary fat and cholesterol are the cause of the reduction in blood cholesterol level? Explain why
=+2.60 The paper “Prospective Randomized Trial of Low Saturated Fat, Low Cholesterol Diet During the First Three Years of Life” (Circulation [1996]: 1386–1393) describes an experiment in which “1062 infants were randomized to either the intervention or control group at 7 months of age.The
=+Describe a potential confounding variable that illustrates why it is unreasonable to conclude that a change in marital status causes a change in crime risk.
=+number of violent crimes per 1000 people, 12 years of age or older, to be 51 for the never married, 42 for the divorced or separated, 13 for married individuals, and 8 for the widowed. Does being single cause an increased risk of violent crime?
=+2.59 “Crime Finds the Never Married” is the conclusion drawn in an article from USA Today (June 29, 2001). This conclusion is based on data from the Justice Department’s National Crime Victimization Survey, which estimated the
=+b. Is it reasonable to conclude that drinking soda or fruit punch causes the observed increased risk of diabetes?Why or why not?
=+a. Do you think that the study described was an observational study or an experiment?
=+fundamentally flawed. “These allegations are inflammatory. Women who drink a lot of soda may simply have generally unhealthy lifestyles” said Richard Adamson of the American Beverage Association.
=+their health or the health of their family would not consume these beverages” said Walter Willett of the Harvard School of Public Health who helped conduct the study.The sugar and beverage industries said that the study was
=+2.58 A study of more than 50,000 U.S. nurses found that those who drank just one soda or fruit punch a day tended to gain much more weight and had an 80% increased risk in developing diabetes compared to those who drank less than one a month. (The Washington Post, August 25, 2004). “The message
=+b. Give an example of a potentially confounding variable that would make it unwise to draw the conclusion that hours of television watched at a young age is the cause of the increased risk of attention disorder.
=+a. Is the study described an observational study or an experiment?
=+In this study, researchers looked at records of 2500 children who were participating in a long-term health study.They found that 10% of these children had attention disorders at age 7 and that hours of television watched at age 1 and age 3 was associated with an increased risk of having an
=+2.57 The article “Tots’ TV-Watching May Spur Attention Problems” (San Luis Obispo Tribune, April 5, 2004)describes a study that appeared in the journal Pediatrics.
=+4. After evaluating your proposed design, are there any changes you would like to make to your design?Explain.
=+3. At the end of Section 2.3 there are 10 questions that can be used to evaluate an experimental design. Answer these 10 questions for the design proposed in Step 2.
=+2. Propose an experiment that would provide data to address the question from Step 1. Be specific about how subjects might be selected, what the experimental conditions (treatments) would be, and what response would be measured.
=+1. Working with a partner, select one of the areas of potential research suggested in the passage from the paper and formulate a specific question that could be addressed by performing an experiment.
=+2. Do you think it would be possible to collect data that could lead to a value for the average burger size that would be better than 2.4 oz.? If so, explain how you would recommend collecting such data. If not, explain why you think it is not possible.
=+1. The authors of the article believe that the use of 2.4 oz. as the average size of a burger sold at McDonald’s is “conservative,” which would result in the estimate of 992.25 million pounds of saturated fat being lower than the actual amount that would be consumed. Explain why the
=+This activity can be completed as an individual or as a team. Your instructor will specify which approach (individual or team) you should use.
=+4. Based on the feedback you received in Step 3, would you modify your original sampling plan? If not, explain why this is not necessary. If so, describe how the plan would be modified.
=+Macs (introduced in 1968), 4.0 oz. Quarter Pounders(introduced in 1973), or other sandwiches.”comments you received. Now reverse roles, and provide a critique of the plan devised by the other pair.
=+“McDonald’s does not publish sales and profits of individual items. Thus, it is not possible to estimate how many of McDonald’s first 100 billion beef burgers sold were 1.6 oz hamburgers, 3.2 oz. Big
=+hamburgers. This estimate was based on the assumption that the average weight of a burger sold would be 2.4 oz.This is the average of the weight of a regular hamburger(1.6 oz.) and a Big Mac (3.2 oz.). The authors took this approach because
=+Journal of Preventative Medicine [2005]:379–381) estimated that 992.25 million pounds of saturated fat would be consumed as McDonald’s sells its next 100 billion
=+3. Summarize the resulting data in a brief report that explains whether your findings are consistent with the Stroop effect.A c t i v i t y 2.3 McDonald’s and the Next 100 Billion Burgers Background: The article “Potential Effects of the Next 100 Billion Hamburgers Sold by McDonald’s”
=+2. When you are satisfied with your experimental design, carry out the experiment. You will need to construct your list of colored words and a corresponding list of colored bars to use in the experiment. You will also need to think about how you will implement your randomization scheme.
=+how randomization is incorporated into your design. What is your response variable? How will you measure it? How many subjects will you use in your experiment, and how will they be chosen?

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Statistics The Exploration And Analysis Of Data 6th Edition John M Scheb, Jay Devore, Roxy Peck - Solutions

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