A Canadian immigrant, Anjali Gupta, and her Canadian-born friend, Bob Fisher, are celebrating at their high school graduation ceremony. They’ve both worked hard, achieved great grades, and been accepted into the Sauder School of Business at the University of British Columbia. Then Anjali draws Bob’s attention to the data on unemployment rates in Statistics Canada’s Labour Force Survey, summarized in the table below. “Going to university will really improve your chances of getting a job,” she says to Bob, “but for me, a university degree doesn’t make much difference. Canadian employers aren’t in favour of hiring immigrants, even if they have a degree.”

Which of the data below is Anjali referring to? How might the data be explained other than with the conclusion that “Canadian employers aren’t in favour of hiring immigrants”?

What additional data do you suggest Statistics Canada collect in order to clarify this issue?

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UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (%) BORN IN CANADA LANDED IMMIGRANTS HIGH SCHOOL UNIVERSITY HIGH SCHOOL UNIVERSITY MALE MALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE FEMALE FEMALE 6.1 2.9 8.8 2009 11.2 11.8 8.6 8.5 3.5 2010 9.9 10.3 9.2 7.8 6.2 3.7 3.4 10 8.1 2011 7.7 7.2 6.7 5.7 3.3 3.2 2012 7.8 8.8 7.7 8.1 6.2 6.1 3 3.1 8.2 2013 10 6.7 7.7 6.4 6.1 2.9 2.7