Quantitative Models In Operations And Supply Chain Management Paperback 1st Edition Srinivasan - Solutions

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Seven-Eleven is attempting to duplicate the supply chain structure that has succeeded in Japan and the United States with the introduction of CDCs. What are the pros and cons of this approach? Keep in mind that stores are also replenished by wholesalers and DSD by manufacturers.
What do you think about the 7dream concept for SevenEleven Japan? From a supply chain perspective, is it likely to be more successful in Japan or the United States? Why?
Seven-Eleven does not allow direct store delivery in Japan but has all products flow through its distribution center. What benefit does Seven-Eleven derive from this policy? When is direct store delivery more appropriate?
What has Seven-Eleven done in its choice of facility location, inventory management, transportation, and information infrastructure to develop capabilities that support its supply chain strategy in Japan?
Seven-Eleven’s supply chain strategy in Japan can be described as attempting to micro-match supply and demand using rapid replenishment. What are some risks associated with this choice?
A convenience store chain attempts to be responsive and provide customers with what they need, when they need it, where they need it. What are some different ways that a convenience store supply chain can be responsive? What are some risks in each case?
How can the full set of logistical and cross-functional drivers be used to create strategic fit for a cell phone manufacturer targeting both time-sensitive and price-conscious customers?
How did Netflix and Redbox achieve better strategic fit than Blockbuster?
In what ways did Blockbuster achieve better strategic fit than local stores?
Which part of the supply chain can be identified as the major contributor to reduction in the cost of generic drugs?
Why the demand for generic drugs is high both in the developed and developing world? Are the underlying reasons for this increase in demand the same in both cases?
Why are generics cheaper than the patented drugs?
What are some strategic, planning, and operational decisions that must be made by an apparel retailer such as Gap?
In identifying the value stream, why is it important to go beyond the boundaries of the organization of interest?
The TOC distinguishes between process batches and transfer batches. It also recommends that process batches vary according to the economics of efficiency at each stage of production. Considering the effects of order size and size of the preceding process batch, how should transfer batches be
One JIT consultant suggests that managers implement JIT by just removing inventories from the floor. What is likely to happen if they do this? What would the Japanese do?
The Japanese say that "a defect is a treasure." What do they mean, and how does this relate to lean?
Describe how trying to please every customer turns into a "trap" for traditional production. Aren't customization and multiple options the way of the future, particularly for differing national tastes and preferences?
Suppose that a restaurant’s requirements for the “4-ounce” hamburger patties that it purchased from its supplier should be between 3.4 and 4.6 ounces. Why would the restaurant be concerned about hamburgers weighing too much?
What phase of DMAIC do you imagine is the most important phase? What phase do you imagine takes the longest?
Measurement systems analysis focuses primarily on the variation introduced into the measurement system by human operators. Can you think of other sources of variation introduced by the measurement system beyond the human operators?
For many years, the balanced scorecard was seen as more appropriate for implementing strategy than for planning it. Now that the strategy map has been conceived, does this replace the balanced scorecard or does each do something different and, if so, which one is concerned with implementing
Firms regularly employ a taster for drinkable food products. What is the purpose of this taster?
In deriving the p-chart, why can the sample size vary? What must be remembered if the p-chart is applied to a different sample size each time?
It is generally not appropriate to apply control charts to the same data that were used to derive the mean and limits. Why? What are the two possible outcomes if this is done, how likely is each, and what are the appropriate interpretations?
Why are two control charts not necessary in controlling for attributes? Might not the variability of the fraction defective or the number of defects also be going out of control?
Under what kinds of circumstances might an organization wish to use control limits of two standard deviations or even one standard deviation? What should it bear in mind when using these lower limits?
Since service defections are analogous to defects in products, could they be controlled with control charts in the same way? Would they use charts based on inspection of variables or attributes? Give an example(s).
Does the balanced scorecard control all the elements of the production system of Figure 1.1? If not, what does it miss? Does it include anything not in Figure 1.1? If so, why, and why isn’t it in Figure 1.1?
Might the break-even model be used for the national or site stage of location? Might the weighted scoring model be used in the national or community stage of location? What factors would be used in these models at other stages?
Discuss the pros and cons of relying on outside expertise in the selection and implementation of an ERP system.
In many of today’s firms, the customer’s computer is tied to the supplier’s computer so that purchase orders go directly into the supplier’s production planning system. What are the implications of this close relationship?
Contrast the functions and forms of inventories. Does every form exist for each function and vice versa, or are some more common?
Do any of the five functions and four forms of inventories exist in service firms? If so, which ones, and why? If not, how are the functions served?
Contrast SCM systems with ERP systems. Which do you suppose are larger and more costly?
The bullwhip effect is often blamed for the boom-and-bust cycles in our national economy. Which of the remedies for eliminating this effect in a supply chain might also benefit the national economy?
To date, it appears that purchasing has been one of the primary beneficiaries of supply chain management. Why do you think this is so? What do you expect will happen in the future?
Given that the current conceptualization of the supply chain includes JIT and lean manufacturing, what other elements of SCM need to be changed to move toward the idea of a demand chain?
What appears to be the primary “secret” of successful supply chain management?
In making reservations for services, a common approach for dealing with the uncertain demand is to “overbook” to avoid the costs of no-shows. How ethical is this?
What other inventory situations are similar to the “newsvendor problem” discussed in the chapter?
Why is it important for all areas across the enterprise to be working off of the same forecast of demand?
How might you evaluate a time series to see if there is any cyclic component in it? If you did identify a cyclic component, how could you use it to improve your forecast in the upcoming period?
How might you quantify the benefits of having a better forecasting model? What types of costs are incurred in developing a better forecasting model?
Provide an example of how data analytics can be used to uncover a hidden supply chain problem or inefficiency.
To help pay their college expenses, two of your friends invested in a hot dog concession stand that they plan to operate during sporting events and during lunch on campus. They have asked for your help in forecasting the demand for hot dogs. How would you develop a forecast for demand, assuming
Referring to the Yield/Revenue Management and Overbooking section, why might an early reservation be canceled? A late reservation?
Many services, such as airlines, conduct their scheduling in two stages. First, an overall macroschedule is constructed and optimized for costs and service to the customer. This schedule is then considered to be the baseline for detailed scheduling to attempt to achieve. The second, detailed stage
Are the principles of waiting captured in the 23 capacity techniques of Table 4.4? Which ones?
Would the failure points, line of visibility, and processing times used in service maps be useful in process-flow diagrams for products?
Describe how the concept of bottlenecks would apply to services as well as products. Give some examples from your experience.
How ethical is it for airlines, hotels, and other service providers to overbook their limited-capacity facilities intentionally, knowing that at some point they will have to turn away a customer with a “guaranteed” reservation?
Exactly what decreases in unit cost occur with larger facilities as a result of economies of scale? Might any costs increase with the size of a facility?
Identify the similarities in Figures 3.8(a) and 3.10. Identify the differences.
In Figure 3.8(a), showing the five transformation systems, why don’t firms operate in the regions marked “none”?
As the process life cycle changes with the product life cycle, should a firm change along with it or move into new products more appropriate to its existing process? What factors must be considered in this decision?
If efficiency, variety, and so on are the important measures of the low-contact or no-contact portion of a service, what are the important measures of the high-contact portion?
Cellular production is often conducted in a U-shaped (horse-shoe-shaped) cell, rather than the rectangular cells shown in Figure 3.6b. What might be the advantages of this U shape?
In highly automated facilities, firms frequently increase the job responsibilities of the skilled workers who remain after automation has replaced the manual laborers, although there is less potential for applying their skills. Workers complain that they are under increased pressure to perform but
If a job shop was being laid out in a third-world country, how might the procedure be different? What other factors might enter in that would not exist in an industrialized country? Might the layout also differ among industrialized countries such as Europe and Japan? How about a flow shop?
A current sociological trend is to move away from paced lines. Yet increasing automation is pushing workers to match their work pace to that of machines and computers. How can both of these trends be happening at the same time?
Given the ease of use of simulation software such as Crystal Ball®, what other data used in project management should probably be simulated?
Given the powerful nature of project management software packages today, why should a project manager have to know how to construct a PERT chart or WBS?
What do you think are the reasons for the topics of conflict among the project team in each stage of the project?
Is the stretched-S life-cycle project form more common or the exponential form? What other aspects of managing a project are affected by the nature of the project form besides budgeting and early termination?
In calculating the probability that a project will be finished by some specified time, the probabilities of each path are multiplied together, on the assumption that the paths are independent of one another. How reasonable is this assumption?
Why doesn’t it make sense to think in terms of a critical path when activity times are not known with certainty?
What do you think are the reasons for the tremendous growth in project management in our society?
Frequently, the project’s tasks are not well defined, and there is an urge to “get on with the work,” since time is critical. How serious is it to minimize the planning effort and get on with the project?
What effect would you expect this to have on their unit costs?
Using new technologies, it is not uncommon for firms to cut their response times by a factor of
According to K. Blanchard and N. V. Peale (The Power of Ethical Management, New York: Morrow, 1988), the following three ethical tests may be useful: (1) Is it legal or within company policy? (2) Is it balanced and fair in the short and long term? (3) Would you be proud if the public or your family
How might the concept of a “facilitating good” alter the way we perceive a product? A service?
It is commonly said that Japanese firms employ 10 times as many engineers per operations worker as US firms and 10 times fewer accountants. What effect would you expect this to have on their competitiveness? Why?
When do you use the following aggregate planning models and why? (a) Linear programming model (b) Parametric model?
What is the advantage of using a quadratic model for aggregate planning? How is this solved?
In a linear programming formulation of aggregate planning problem, write the two constraints where outsourcing and underutilization appear. Explain them.
What are the typical outputs of an aggregate plan?
Give three pure strategies for aggregate planning and explain them.
Discuss whether the linear programming model for aggregate planning always gives the optimum solution.
Aggregate planning involves identifying a representative (aggregate) product and creating a production plan. In today's world where computing facilities are available in plenty, it is possible to do individual plan for each product than do an aggregate plan, comment.
What is the meaning of the term aggregate production planning? What are its objectives and uses?
Why do we need aggregate planning?
A company makes two products and has two assembly lines. Line 1 can assemble both the products, while line 2 can assemble product 2 only. Assume that the time to assemble for the products as 8 minutes and 6 minutes per piece respectively and there are no changeover times. Each line works for 8
A manufacturer has the following information on its major product: Regular time production capacity = 2600 per period Regular time production cost = Rs. 400/unit Overtime cost Rs. 600/unit Inventory cost Rs. 100/unit/period (based on ending inventory) Backlog costs Rs. 250/unit/period Beginning
The forecast of demand of a product in the next four months are 130, 80, 180 and 140 respectively. Normal capacity is 100, overtime capacity is 20 and subcontractors have capacity of 60 per month. Costs are $10, $12 and $15 respectively. It costs $1 to carry one unit per month and no backordering
What are the costs included in the transportation model of aggregate planning? Show the transportation model in the form of a table.
Shakthi Breweries Ltd., at Taramani in Madras wants to do an aggregate plan for the next periods. Mr. Saarang, the Planning Manager is aware of the several models for aggregate planning. He wants to have a model where the decision-maker has a role to play and decides to implement the graphical
XYZ Ltd. is interested in an aggregate plan that determines the production quantities in the next six months. The forecast for the six months in man-hours is given in Table 3.28.Initial inventory is 8000 man-hours and the expected final inventory is 10000 man-hours. Regular time production hours
A manufacturer has the following information on its major product: Regular time production capacity Inventory costs Overtime production cost Backlog costs Beginning inventory 2600 units/period $2/unit/period $12 per unit $5/unit/period 400 units The demands for four periods are 4000, 3200, 2000 and
Explain the linear programming model for aggregate planning. Indicate clearly the decision variables, constraints and the objective function. Assume that the organization is interested in including costs of production, regular time, overtime, inventory, shortage, hiring, lay-off, underutilization
Explain the graphical model for aggregate planning. Indicate the direct decisions to be made by the user and how the user makes those decisions. Assume that the organization is interested in including costs of production, regular time, overtime, inventory, shortage. hiring, lay-off,
XYZ Ltd. wants to do an aggregate plan for the next periods. Kiran, the Planning Manager is aware of the several models for aggregate planning. He wants to have a model where the decision-maker has a role to play and decides to implement the graphical model. The company wants to consider all
What type of time series models would you expect to be suitable for forecasting the following situations? Why? (a) Quarterly sales of ice creams?
Give two measures of goodness of a forecast.
What is forecasting? Why do you need forecasting?
Why do we use seasonal models for certain types of data?
What are the salient features of an exponential smoothing model?
Give evidences that suggest that forecasting is an important tool in the service sector.
When do you use double exponential smoothing models to forecast and how do you evaluate the goodness of such forecasts?

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