Question: Show that the central angle between points P and Q on a sphere (of any radius) with angular coordinates (, ') and (, ')

Show that the central angle ψ between points P and Q on a sphere (of any radius) with angular coordinates (θ, ϕ') and (θ, θ') is equal to

= cos (sino sino' cos(0-8) + cos cos')

Compute the dot product of OP and O. Check this formula by computing the geodesic distance between the North

= cos (sin sin d' cos(0-8) + cos o cos ')

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