The perihelion and aphelion are the points on the orbit closest to and farthest from the sun,

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The perihelion and aphelion are the points on the orbit closest to and farthest from the sun, respectively (Figure 8). The distance from the sun at the perihelion is denoted rper and the speed at this point is denoted vper. Similarly, we write rap and vap for the distance and speed at the aphelion. The semimajor axis is denoted a.

Aphelion Vap F2 r y F Vper a Semimajor axis X Perihelion

Use the result of Exercise 13 to prove the formulas

e = rap - rper rap + per P = 2rapper rap + rper


Data From Exercise 13

The perihelion and aphelion are the points on the orbit closest to and farthest from the sun, respectively (Figure 8). The distance from the sun at the perihelion is denoted rper and the speed at this point is denoted vper. Similarly, we write rap and vap for the distance and speed at the aphelion. The semimajor axis is denoted a.

Aphelion Vap F2 r y F Vper a Semimajor axis X Perihelion

Use the polar equation of an ellipse P 1 + ecos 0 to show that per = a(1 - e) and rap = a(1 + e). Hint: Use

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Calculus

ISBN: 9781319055844

4th Edition

Authors: Jon Rogawski, Colin Adams, Robert Franzosa

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