In the koji stage of soy sauce production, Aspergillus fungi digest soybeans and wheat. Aspergillus uses some of the glucose produced by the breakdown of the carbohydrates to generate ATP through cellular respiration or fermentation. Examine Figure 9.9 and answer the following questions about glycolysis, the first stage of respiration.

a. How many different enzymes shown in Figure 9.9 are used to transform glucose into pyruvate?

b. What types of reactions do isomerases catalyze?

c. What kinds of enzymes catalyze reactions that transfer a phosphate group from ATP to another molecule?

d. If you added an aldolase inhibitor, what key reaction would be unlikely to occur? Explain.