Consider a solid metal sphere of radius R. An excess charge Q is placed on the sphere. 

(a) How will this excess charge be distributed on the sphere? 

(b) Make a qualitative sketch of the electric field lines outside the metal sphere. 

(c) Choose a Gaussian surface that matches the symmetry of the electric field. That is, choose a surface on which the electric field is constant. 

(d) Apply Gauss’s law to find the electric flux through your Gaussian surface. 

(e) Solve for the electric field a distance r from the center of the sphere, with r > R.