Ground beef may be irradiated with high-energy electrons from a linear accelerator to kill pathogens. In a standard treatment, \(1.0 \mathrm{~kg}\) of beef receives \(4.5 \mathrm{kGy}\) of radiation in \(40 \mathrm{~s}\).

a. How much energy is deposited in the beef?

b. What is the average rate (in W) of energy deposition?

c. Estimate the temperature increase of the beef due to this procedure. The specific heat of beef is approximately \(3 / 4\) of that of water.