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computer science
software architecture in practice

Questions and Answers of Software Architecture In Practice

Enumerate the set of responsibilities that an automatic teller machine should support and propose a design to accommodate that set of responsibilities. Justify your proposal.
Choose an architecture that you are familiar with (or choose the ATM architecture you defined in question 3) and walk through the performance tactics questionnaire. What insight did these questions
Write a set of concrete scenarios for availability using each of the possible responses in the general scenario.
Write a concrete availability scenario for the software for a (hypothetical) driverless car.
Write a concrete availability scenario for a program like Microsoft Word.
Redundancy is a key strategy for achieving high availability. Look at the patterns and tactics presented in this chapter and decide how many of them exploit some form of redundancy and how many do
How does availability trade off against modifiability and deployability? How would you make a change to a system that is required to have 24/7 availability (i.e., no scheduled or unscheduled down
Consider the fault detection tactics (ping/echo, heartbeat, system monitor, voting, and exception detection). What are the performance implications of using these tactics?
Which tactics are used by a load balancer when it detects a failure of an instance?
How does the container management system know that only one layer has been changed so that it needs to transport only one layer?
We have focused on isolation among VMs that are running at the same time on a hypervisor. VMs may shut down and stop executing, and new VMs may start up. What does a hypervisor do to maintain
What set of services would it make sense to group into a Pod (as was done with service meshes) and why?
What are the security issues associated with containers? How would you mitigate them?
What are the concerns associated with employing virtualization technologies in embedded systems?
What class of integration and deployment errors can be avoided with VMs, containers, and Pods? What class cannot?
A load balancer is a type of intermediary. Intermediaries enhance modifiability but detract from performance, yet a load balancer exists to increase performance. Explain this apparent paradox.
A context diagram displays an entity and other entities with which it communicates. It separates the responsibilities allocated to the chosen entity from those responsibilities allocated to other
Sketch the set of steps to allocate a VM within a cloud and display its IP address.
Research the offerings of a major cloud provider. Write a set of rules that would govern the autoscaling for a service that you would implement on this cloud.
Some load balancers use a technique called message queues. Research message queues and describe the differences between load balancers with and without message queues.
Which architectural choices would you make to design a system that could tolerate complete loss of power and have the ability to restart where it left off without compromising the integrity of its
What are the architectural issues involved in network transitions, such as starting a file transfer over Bluetooth and then moving out of Bluetooth range and switching over to Wi-Fi , all the while
Determine the weight and size of the battery in one of your mobile systems. What compromises do you think the architect made because of the size and weight?
Which types of problems can a CSS testing tool find? Which does it miss? How do these considerations affect the testing of mobile devices?
Consider an interplanetary probe such as those used in NASA’s Mars exploration program. Does it meet the criteria of a mobile device? Characterize its energy characteristics, network connectivity
Consider mobility not as a class of computing system, but rather as a quality attribute, like security or modifiability. Write a general scenario for mobility. Write a specific mobility scenario for
Interview representative stakeholders for a business system in use at your company or your university and capture at least three business goals for it. To do so, use PALM’s seven-part business goal
Based on the business goals you uncovered for question 1, propose a set of corresponding ASRs.Data from Questions 1Interview representative stakeholders for a business system in use at your company
Create a utility tree for an ATM. (Interview some of your friends and colleagues if you would like to have them contribute QA considerations and scenarios.) Consider a minimum of four different QAs.
Find a software requirements specification that you consider to be of high quality. Using colored pens (real ones if the document is printed; virtual ones if the document is online), color red all
What are the advantages of following an established method for design? What are the disadvantages?
Is performing architectural design compatible with an agile development methodology? Choose an agile method and discuss ADD in that context.
What is the relationship between design and analysis? Are there some kinds of knowledge that you need for one but not the other?
If you had to argue for the value of creating and maintaining architectural documentation to your manager during the design process, what arguments would you put forward?
How would your realization of the steps of ADD differ if you were doing greenfield development versus brownfield development?
Think of a software system that you’re working on. Prepare a 30-minute presentation on the business goals for this system.
If you were going to evaluate the architecture for this system, who would you want to participate? What would be the stakeholder roles, and who could you get to represent those roles?
Research a costly system failure that could be attributed to one or more poor architectural decisions. Do you think an architecture evaluation might have caught the risks? If so, compare the cost of
It is not uncommon for an organization to evaluate two competing architectures. How would you modify the ATAM to produce a quantitative output that facilitates this comparison?
Suppose you’ve been asked to evaluate the architecture for a system in confidence. The architect isn’t available. You aren’t allowed to discuss the evaluation with any of the system’s
Under what circumstances would you want to employ a full-strength ATAM and under what circumstances would you want to employ an LAE?
Go to the website of your favorite open source system and look for its architectural documentation. What is there? What is missing? How would this affect your ability to contribute code to this
Banks are justifiably cautious about security. Sketch the documentation you would need for an ATM to reason about its security architecture.
If you are designing a microservice-based architecture, what elements, relations, and properties would you need to document to be able to reason about end-to-end latency or throughput?
Suppose your company has just purchased another company and you have been given the task of merging a system in your company with a similar system in the other company. What views of the other
When would you choose to document behavior using trace notations and when would you use a comprehensive notation? What value do you get and what effort is required for each of them?
How much of a project’s budget would you devote to software architecture documentation? Why? How would you measure the cost and the benefit? How would this change if your project was a
How would you distinguish a project with architecture debt from a “busy” project where lots of features are being implemented?
Find examples of projects that have undergone major refactorings. What evidence was used to motivate or justify these refactorings?
Under what circumstances is accumulating debt a reasonable strategy? How would you know that you had reached the point of too much debt?
Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of doing this kind of architecture analysis as compared with the methods.
Consider “amenable to globally distributed development” as a quality attribute that can be increased or decreased by architectural design decisions, just like the other quality attributes we
Generic project management practices often advocate creating a work breakdown structure as the first artifact produced by a project. What is wrong with this practice from an architectural perspective?
If you were managing a globally distributed team, which architectural documentation artifacts would you want to create first?
If you were managing a globally distributed team, which aspects of project management would have to change to account for cultural differences?
How could architectural evaluation be used to help guide and manage the project?
In Chapter 1, we described a work assignment structure for software architecture, which can be documented as a work assignment view. Discuss how documenting a work assignment view for your
In which skills and knowledge discussed in this chapter do you think you might be most deficient? How would you reduce these deficiencies?
Which duties, skills, or knowledge do you think are the most important or cost-effective to improve in an individual architect? Justify your answer.
Add three duties, three skills, and three knowledge areas that were not on our lists.
How would you measure the value of specific architecture duties in a project? How would you distinguish the value added by these duties from the value added by other activities such as quality
How would you measure someone’s communication skills?
This chapter listed a number of practices of an architecturally competent organization. Prioritize that list based on expected benefit over expected cost.
Suppose you are in charge of hiring an architect for an important system in your company. How would you go about it? What would you ask the candidates in an interview? Would you ask them to produce
Search for certification programs for architects. For each one, try to characterize how much it deals (respectively) with duties, skills, and knowledge.
Suppose you are the architect being hired. What questions would you ask about the company with which you’re interviewing, related to the areas listed in Section 25.2? Try to answer this question

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